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- W2034152019 abstract "Purpose.: In proliferative vitreoretinopathy retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT). Vitreous and transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) have been implicated in this EMT. The role of TGFβ in the vitreous-mediated transformation of low-passage human RPE cells was investigated. Methods.: Cells were treated with vitreous or TGFβ2. SB431542 was used to inhibit TGFβ signaling. Morphology was investigated using phase-contrast or confocal microscopy. Motility was measured using a monolayer-wounding assay. Invasion was determined using basement membrane matrix-based assays. Gene expression was measured by quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry, or immunoblotting. Results.: Changes in phosphorylation or cellular localization of Smad -2, -3, or -4 indicated a TGFβ-like activity in vitreous. Cortical actin filaments in untreated cells were replaced by stress fibers after TGFβ treatment, but peripheral actin aggregates were seen in vitreous-treated cells. SB431542 did not block the morphologic change induced by vitreous. Vitreous-treated cells exhibited increased motility and invasion, whereas TGFβ-treated cells did not. However, SB431542 decreased vitreous-meditated changes in motility and invasion. The levels of mRNA for genes indicative of myofibroblast differentiation (α-SMA and CTGF) were increased by treatment with TGFβ but suppressed by vitreous. TGFβ or vitreous caused increased expression of Snail1. Conclusions.: Vitreous or TGFβ caused a fibroblast-like morphology and induced Snail1, a marker of EMT. TGFβ activity in vitreous was necessary but not sufficient for the vitreous-induced motile, invasive phenotype. However, differences in the cytoskeletal organization and in the expression of CTGF and α-SMA suggested that TGFβ-treatment caused differentiation along a myofibroblast pathway, whereas vitreous treatment suppressed myofibroblast formation." @default.
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- W2034152019 date "2009-12-01" @default.
- W2034152019 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2034152019 title "Differential Effects of TGFβ and Vitreous on the Transformation of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells" @default.
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- W2034152019 doi "https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.09-3621" @default.
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