FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2034199332> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W2034199332 endingPage "54" @default.
• W2034199332 startingPage "44" @default.
• W2034199332 abstract "From the contracted responsibility system for production with remuneration linked to output in China's rural areas and the first and second spate of contracting and leasing of urban enterprises up to the modern enterprise systems that have emerged under the impetus of today's economic systemic reform, as well as the enterprise consolidations, mergers, sales, bankruptcies, reorganizations, and so forth, that have taken place several decades after the founding of the New China, transitional forms have appeared in which many different systems of ownership and many systems of distribution coexist, merge with one another, and develop together. These changes have taken people, consciously or unconsciously, out of the traditional planned economy into a market economy and continue to bring about enormous changes in people's ideological concepts, way of life, and work environments. Women's employment—a concept once used to assess the degree of women's liberation—is now facing an inexorable impact as well as intentions that have yet to be defined. One might say that the hallmark of women's liberation used to be getting more women out of the house and into society to participate in construction in all industries and trades where they might display their talents, make suggestions, contribute their efforts, and advance along with their male comrades. Today, however, amid industrial restructuring, enterprise optimization, and personnel cutbacks to increase efficiency, women employees are appearing in ever larger numbers among the ranks of laid-off employees—in higher proportion to their presence among enterprise employees. It used to be that women's employment was a manifestation of the state policy of equality between men and women, that it ensured women political and economic status. Today, however, the number of women among the ranks of those being employed anew does not inspire optimism, and women's political status and economic influence have, to varying degrees, been affected by their loss of work positions. At one time, women could enjoy, along with their male comrades, lifelong wage benefits and medicalcare guarantees simply by going to work as a government employee and by putting forth their best efforts, faithfully discharging their duties, and refraining from breaking laws or violating discipline. Today, with the reconfiguration of state-owned enterprises, as well as a host of reasons that no individual can reverse, women are not receiving the earnings and benefits due them, and their anxieties are constantly increasing. In sum, one might say that women benefited most from the former planned economy. And they are being hit hardest during the transition to a market economy. In the former case, they benefited from the advantages of the state system and from legal and policy guarantees. The latter case resulted from the pitiless nature of the competition that constitutes an essential characteristic of a market economy. Since reform and openness, various kinds of competition have crept into our lives, whether we accept them willingly or passively put up with them. Competition exists universally and is evident everywhere, whether we are fully prepared or are taken by surprise, whether we actively take up its challenge or timidly try to avoid it. Competition exists for jobs, for talent, for production figures, for quality, among different products, for returns, for advantages, for positions of strength, and so on. The market economy contains many incomplete and imperfect aspects as it is being established, competition is sometimes unfair and lacks openness, and people still perceive things that are unsatisfactory or to which they are unaccustomed. It is undeniable, however, that the market economy and its competition has brought people both challenges and opportunities, both difficulties and hope. Beneath external appearances, people see certain deep-seated contradictions and problems. True, these also existed in the past, but they were never duly understood or studied, and therefore had not been placed on the agenda of matters to be resolved." @default.
• W2034199332 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2034199332 creator A5033845983 @default.
• W2034199332 date "2000-11-01" @default.
• W2034199332 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W2034199332 title "The Market Economy, Gender Equality, and Women's Development from the Viewpoint of Women's Employment" @default.
• W2034199332 doi "https://doi.org/10.2753/ced1061-1932330644" @default.
• W2034199332 hasPublicationYear "2000" @default.
• W2034199332 type Work @default.
• W2034199332 sameAs 2034199332 @default.
• W2034199332 citedByCount "1" @default.
• W2034199332 countsByYear W20341993322018 @default.
• W2034199332 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
• W2034199332 hasAuthorship W2034199332A5033845983 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConcept C10138342 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConcept C144133560 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConcept C158071213 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConcept C162324750 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConcept C17744445 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConcept C191935318 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConcept C197129107 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConcept C199539241 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConcept C23123220 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConcept C2777488495 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConcept C34447519 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConcept C41008148 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConcept C45237549 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConcept C94625758 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConceptScore W2034199332C10138342 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConceptScore W2034199332C144133560 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConceptScore W2034199332C158071213 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConceptScore W2034199332C162324750 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConceptScore W2034199332C17744445 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConceptScore W2034199332C191935318 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConceptScore W2034199332C197129107 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConceptScore W2034199332C199539241 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConceptScore W2034199332C23123220 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConceptScore W2034199332C2777488495 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConceptScore W2034199332C34447519 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConceptScore W2034199332C41008148 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConceptScore W2034199332C45237549 @default.
• W2034199332 hasConceptScore W2034199332C94625758 @default.
• W2034199332 hasIssue "6" @default.
• W2034199332 hasLocation W20341993321 @default.
• W2034199332 hasOpenAccess W2034199332 @default.
• W2034199332 hasPrimaryLocation W20341993321 @default.
• W2034199332 hasRelatedWork W1598242709 @default.
• W2034199332 hasRelatedWork W2034199332 @default.
• W2034199332 hasRelatedWork W2076807278 @default.
• W2034199332 hasRelatedWork W2306472338 @default.
• W2034199332 hasRelatedWork W2360398002 @default.
• W2034199332 hasRelatedWork W2360583908 @default.
• W2034199332 hasRelatedWork W2374613385 @default.
• W2034199332 hasRelatedWork W2388288183 @default.
• W2034199332 hasRelatedWork W2460240332 @default.
• W2034199332 hasRelatedWork W87082966 @default.
• W2034199332 hasVolume "33" @default.
• W2034199332 isParatext "false" @default.
• W2034199332 isRetracted "false" @default.
• W2034199332 magId "2034199332" @default.
• W2034199332 workType "article" @default.