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• W2034202667 abstract "Abstract IL-21 regulates Th17 cell homeostasis, enhances the differentiation of memory B cells and antibody-secreting plasma cells, and promotes the maintenance of CD8+ T-cell responses. In this study, we investigated the phenotype, function, and frequency of blood and intestinal IL-21–producing cells in nonhuman primates that are hosts of progressive (rhesus macaques [RMs]) and nonprogressive (sooty mangabeys [SMs]) SIV infection. We found that, in both species, memory CD4+CD95+CCR6− T cells are the main IL-21 producers, and that only a small fraction of CD4+IL-21+ T cells produce IL-17. During chronic SIV infection of RMs, CD4+IL-21+ T cells were significantly depleted in both blood and rectal mucosa, with the extent of this depletion correlating with the loss of Th17 cells. Furthermore, treatment with IL-21 increased the in vivo levels of Th17 cells in SIV-infected RMs. In contrast, normal levels of CD4+IL-21+ T cells were found in SIV-infected SMs. Collectively, these data indicate that depletion of IL-21–producing CD4+ T cells distinguishes progressive from nonprogressive SIV infection of RMs and SMs, and suggest that depletion of CD4+IL-21+ T cells is involved in the preferential loss of Th17 cells that is associated with SIV disease progression. Further preclinical studies of IL-21 as a potential immunotherapeutic agent for HIV infection may be warranted." @default.
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• W2034202667 date "2012-11-08" @default.
• W2034202667 modified "2023-09-29" @default.
• W2034202667 title "Paucity of IL-21–producing CD4+ T cells is associated with Th17 cell depletion in SIV infection of rhesus macaques" @default.
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• W2034202667 doi "https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2012-04-420240" @default.
• W2034202667 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3496953" @default.
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