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• W2034359063 endingPage "597" @default.
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• W2034359063 abstract "The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasing rapidly in the United States, with almost 16 million adults currently affected [ [1] National Task Force on the Prevention and Treatment of ObesityOverweight, obesity, and health risk. Arch Intern Med. 2000; 160: 898-904 Crossref PubMed Scopus (953) Google Scholar ]. Obesity is an independent risk factor for diabetes. Among diabetic individuals, 50% are obese, with a body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg/m2 [ [1] National Task Force on the Prevention and Treatment of ObesityOverweight, obesity, and health risk. Arch Intern Med. 2000; 160: 898-904 Crossref PubMed Scopus (953) Google Scholar ]. Bariatric surgery (surgical weight loss) has become an effective treatment for morbid obesity in those patients who have failed medical management of their illness. Up to 30% of patients presenting for bariatric surgery have type 2 diabetes mellitus [ 2 Pories W.J. MacDonald Jr, K.G. Morgan E.J. et al. Surgical treatment of obesity and its effect on diabetes 10-y follow-up. Am J Clin Nutr. 1992; 55: 582S-585S PubMed Google Scholar , 3 Residori L. Garcia-Lorda P. Flancbaum L. Pi-Sunyer F.X. Laferrère B. Prevalence of co-morbidities in obese patients before bariatric surgery effect of race. Obes Surg. 2003; 13: 333-340 Crossref PubMed Scopus (73) Google Scholar ]. The most commonly performed surgical procedure for weight loss, the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (GBP), results in a percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL) of 50% to 75% and “cures” diabetes in 70% to 100% of patients [ 2 Pories W.J. MacDonald Jr, K.G. Morgan E.J. et al. Surgical treatment of obesity and its effect on diabetes 10-y follow-up. Am J Clin Nutr. 1992; 55: 582S-585S PubMed Google Scholar , 4 Sjostrom C.D. Lissner L. Wedel H. Sjostrom L. Reduction in incidence of diabetes, hypertension and lipid disturbances after intentional weight loss induced by bariatric surgery the SOS Intervention Study. Obese Res. 1999; 7: 477-484 Crossref PubMed Scopus (541) Google Scholar ] by improving both insulin secretion and sensitivity [ [5] Geloneze B. Tambascia M.A. Pareja J.C. Repetto E.M. Magna L.A. The insulin tolerance test in morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Obes Res. 2001; 9: 763-769 Crossref PubMed Scopus (35) Google Scholar ]. The possible role of the gut hormones known as incretins in the improvement of diabetes after bariatric surgery has been hypothesized. The incretins, gut peptides secreted in response to meals, enhance insulin secretion. The impaired incretin secretion in obese type 2 diabetes mellitus is partially responsible for the defect in insulin secretion [ 6 Elahi D. McAloon-Dyke M. Fukagawa N.K. et al. The insulinotropic actions of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (7-37) in normal and diabetic subjects. Regul Pept. 1994; 51: 63-74 Crossref PubMed Scopus (280) Google Scholar , 7 Nauck M.A. Heimesaat M.M. Orskov C. Holst J.J. Ebert R. Creutzfeldt W. Preserved incretin activity of glucagon-like peptide 1 (7-36 amide) but not of synthetic human gastric inhibitory polypeptide in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Invest. 1993; 91: 301 Crossref PubMed Scopus (1370) Google Scholar , 8 Toft-Nielsen M.B. Damholt M.B. Madsbad S. et al. Determinants of the impaired secretion of glucagon-like peptide in type 2 diabetic patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001; 86: 3717-3723 Crossref PubMed Scopus (635) Google Scholar , 9 Lugari R. Dell’Anna C. Ugolotti D. et al. Effect of nutrient ingestion of glucagon-like peptide 1 (7-36 amide) secretion in human type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Horm Metab Res. 2000; 32: 424-428 Crossref PubMed Scopus (61) Google Scholar ]." @default.
• W2034359063 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2034359063 date "2005-11-01" @default.
• W2034359063 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W2034359063 title "Incretins, diabetes, and bariatric surgery: a review" @default.
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