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• W2034379931 abstract "Glutamate release, in response to excess K + , from synaptosomal preparations from rat cerebellum was studied in relationship to the characteristics of stimulus-secretion coupling processes used by known transmitters and compared to those of γ-aminobutyrate (GABA), a known cerebellar neurotransmitter. The properties of glutamate release were indistinguishable from those of GABA: the release of both substances is dependent on Ca 2+ , antagonized by Mg 2+ and stimulated by K + depolarization and therefore mimics the essential characteristics for the release of a neurotransmitter. Evidence that parallel fiber boutons are a source of evoked glutamate release is supported by the fact that synaptosomal preparations from the cerebellar molecular layer released twice as much glutamate per tissue content as did similar preparations from whole cerebellum. Furthermore, neonatal X-irradiation of the cerebellum, which decreases the granule cell and the parallel fiber populations, results in a reduction of Ca 2+ -dependent glutamate release indicating that Ca 2+ -dependent release originates in part from parallel fiber boutons. Under these conditions neither glutamate levels nor high affinity glutamate uptake are significantly changed. These data indicate that glutamate is either a neurotransmitter of the parallel fibers or a molecule released by the stimulus-secretion coupling process along with the neurotransmitter. Depolarizing K + concentrations in the absence of external Ca 2+ also induced an increase in the efflux of glutamate and [ 3 H]GABA. This effect was much more prominent for exogenously loaded amino acids than for endogenous glutamate. Accumulated glutamate appears to be stored in at least two separate compartments, which differed in their storage capacity and sensitivity to K + and Ca 2+ . One pool, highly sensitive to K + in the absence of Ca 2+ , showed a poor retention of glutamate. The second pool, sensitive to Ca 2+ in the presence of a depolarizing agent, stored glutamate more stably. Since the K + -induced efflux of glutamate independent of external Ca 2+ decreased after loss of the granule cells, it is likely that both glutamate compartments are present, at least in part, in neurons." @default.
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• W2034379931 title "Evaluation of glutamate as a neurotransmitter of cerebellar parallel fibers" @default.
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• W2034379931 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4522(78)90101-x" @default.
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