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• W2034606502 abstract "Abstract A new method is presented which enables to interpret steady-state flow experiments eliminating errors caused by the capillary end-effect. This is achieved by retaining the capillary term in the equations that are used to interpret the flow data. The standard experimental procedure has to be extended to include variations in both total flowrate and the ratio of phase flowrates. Consistent values of saturation and relative permeability of each phase are then calculated at the inlet end. Necessary modifications in laboratory procedures and influence of hysteresis are discussed and the theoretical development is exemplified by numerical simulation of coreflood experiments. Introduction During a steady-state procedure for measurement of relative permeability curves, the total flowrate of oil and water is usually kept constant while their ratio is changed at the inlet end of the core. After a change, it is necessary to wait until equilibrium in the core is re-established, i.e., when both the pressure drop and the effluent flowrate ratio do not change with time. The individual flowrates and the pressure drop is then used to calculate the individual phase relative permeability values by Darcy's law, relating them to the average saturation in the core, determined by material balance. The main inaccuracies of this method stem from the basic assumption that the capillary pressure can be neglected. Actually, because of capillary effects, the saturation distribution along the core is non-uniform, and the pressure drop is different in each phase. The capillary effects are difficult to avoid even if the total flowrate is high and for some rocks high flowrate cannot be reached for reasons like limited equipment capacity or stress that may cause rock damage. In this paper a new steady-state technique is described that includes capillary effects. The proposed experimental setup is not very much different from that of the conventional steady-state method. For a fixed fractional flow at the inlet, a number of steady-state experiments is required with varying total flowrate to include the capillary effect in the analysis of the data. The capillary pressure curve has to be measured separately. Theory The following standard equations describe one-dimensional, two-phase flow of immiscible, incompressible fluids in a porous medium, (1) From Eqs. (1) it follows that the expression for the velocity of the first phase is (2) Conservation of mass gives (3) Let us consider steady-state flow only. Then the saturation in the core is solely a function of the x-coordinate. P. 85" @default.
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• W2034606502 date "1995-10-22" @default.
• W2034606502 modified "2023-10-10" @default.
• W2034606502 title "Steady-State Relative Permeability Measurements Corrected for Capillary Effects" @default.
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• W2034606502 doi "https://doi.org/10.2118/30541-ms" @default.
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