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- W2034713170 abstract "Spores of Bacillus anthracis Sterne strain were recovered from 100ml and 1L volumes of tap and source waters using filtration through a 0.45um filter, followed by overnight culture on agar plates. In a set of experiments comparing sheep red blood cell (SRBC) plates with a chromogenic agar formulation designed by R & F Laboratories, with a spiking dose of 47 plate-enumerated spores in 100 ml tap water, the mean spore recoveries were 34.0 and 30.8 spores, respectively. When a spiking dose of 100 fluorescence activated cell sorter(FACS)-enumerated spores was used in 100 ml potable water, the average recovery with SRBC plates was 48 spores. Detection efforts with spiking doses of 35 and 10 spores in 1 L tap water were successful, but recovery efforts from spiked 1 L volumes of source water were problematic due to the concomitant growth of normal spore-forming flora. Recoveries were also attempted on 10 L volumes of tap water. For a spiking dose of 100 spores, mean recovery from six replicates was 11 spores (+/- 6.8, range 2-20), and for a spiking dose of 10 spores, mean recovery from six replicates was 2.3 spores (+/- 3.5, range 0-9). Efforts were also made to direct detect spores via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on washes from filters. When spiking 534 spores in 100 ml, 9/9 replicates of spiked tap water, 6/6 source water replicates, and 0/3 unspiked controls were positive by lef PCR. When 534 spores were spiked into 1 L tap water, the lef PCR was unsuccessful; however, using the nested vrrA PCR resulted in 4/9 spiked samples, and 0/3 unspiked controls, testing positive. Our results indicate that an inexpensive and user-friendly method, utilizing filtration apparatus commonly present in many water quality testing labs, can readily be adapted for use in detecting this potential threat agent." @default.
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- W2034713170 date "2005-12-01" @default.
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- W2034713170 title "Filtration methods for recovery of Bacillus anthracis spores spiked into source and finished water" @default.
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- W2034713170 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2005.10.009" @default.
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