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• W2035354014 abstract "Any behavior intended to injure or harm another living being ( 1 Victoroff J. Human aggression. in: Sadock B. Sadock V. Ruiz P. Kaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry. Volume 2. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia2009: 2671-2702 Google Scholar ) is defined as aggressive. Animal experiments showing that electrical stimulation to the hypothalamus evokes aggression suggest that this brain structure plays a key role in aggressive behavior ( 2 Fumagalli M. Priori A. Functional and clinical neuroanatomy of morality. Brain. 2012; 135: 2006-2021 Crossref PubMed Scopus (147) Google Scholar , 3 Gregg T.R. Siegel A. Brain structures and neurotransmitters regulating aggression in cats: Implications for human aggression. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2001; 25: 91-140 Crossref PubMed Scopus (261) Google Scholar , 4 Kruk M.R. Van der Poel A.M. Meelis W. Hermans J. Mostert P.G. Mos J. et al. Discriminant analysis of the localization of aggression-inducing electrode placements in the hypothalamus of male rats. Brain Res. 1983; 260: 61-79 Crossref PubMed Scopus (134) Google Scholar , 5 Lammers J.H. Kruk M.R. Meelis W. van der Poel A.M. Hypothalamic substrates for brain stimulation-induced attack, teeth-chattering and social grooming in the rat. Brain Res. 1988; 449: 311-327 Crossref PubMed Scopus (102) Google Scholar ). A further argument supporting a hypothalamic role in human aggressiveness comes from neurosurgery. For example, lesions and deep brain stimulation (DBS) applied to the posterior hypothalamus (pHyp) control aggressive behavior in humans ( 6 Sano K. Yoshioka M. Ogashiwa M. Ishijima B. Ohye C. Postero-medial hypothalamotomy in the treatment of aggressive behaviors. Confin Neurol. 1966; 27: 164-167 Crossref PubMed Scopus (48) Google Scholar , 7 Hernando V. Pastor J. Pedrosa M. Pena E. Sola R.G. Low-frequency bilateral hypothalamic stimulation for treatment of drug-resistant aggressiveness in a young man with mental retardation. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg. 2008; 86: 219-223 Crossref PubMed Scopus (43) Google Scholar , 8 Franzini A. Messina G. Cordella R. Marras C. Broggi G. Deep brain stimulation of the posteromedial hypothalamus: Indications, long-term results, and neurophysiological considerations. Neurosurg Focus. 2010; 29: E13 Crossref PubMed Scopus (82) Google Scholar , 9 Franzini A. Marras C. Tringali G. Leone M. Ferroli P. Bussone G. et al. Chronic high frequency stimulation of the posteromedial hypothalamus in facial pain syndromes and behaviour disorders. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2007; 97: 399-406 Crossref PubMed Scopus (27) Google Scholar ). Despite evidence suggesting the hypothalamus as a pivotal structure in human aggressiveness, no research has investigated intrinsic pathophysiologic abnormalities at hypothalamic level in the neural network circuit mediating aggressiveness. Besides offering patients therapeutic benefits, DBS provides a unique opportunity to record neural activity from human target structures. Local field potentials (LFPs), the synchronous presynaptic and postsynaptic oscillatory activity in large neuronal populations, can be recorded after surgical positioning of the DBS electrodes in the target structure ( 10 Priori A. Foffani G. Pesenti A. Bianchi A. Chiesa V. Baselli G. et al. Movement related modulation of neural activity in human basal ganglia and its L-DOPA dependency: Recordings from deep brain stimulation electrodes in patients with Parkinson's disease. Neurol Sci. 2002; 23: S101-S102 Crossref PubMed Scopus (128) Google Scholar ). This experimental approach has already provided physiological data on the physiology of the basal ganglia and other subcortical structures in humans ( 11 Brown P. Williams D. Basal ganglia local field potential activity: Character and functional significance in the human. Clin Neurophysiol. 2005; 116: 2510-2519 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (375) Google Scholar , 12 Brittain J.S. Green A.L. Jenkinson N. Ray N.J. Holland P. Stein J.F. et al. Local field potentials reveal a distinctive neural signature of cluster headache in the hypothalamus. Cephalalgia. 2009; 29: 1165-1173 Crossref PubMed Scopus (36) Google Scholar ). To assess whether a specific neural hypothalamic activity pattern underlies pathological human aggressiveness, we recorded and compared pHyp LFP in two patients undergoing DBS: in one patient (case 1) to treat pathologic aggressiveness and in the other (case 2), a behaviorally normal person considered as a control, to treat cluster headache ( 8 Franzini A. Messina G. Cordella R. Marras C. Broggi G. Deep brain stimulation of the posteromedial hypothalamus: Indications, long-term results, and neurophysiological considerations. Neurosurg Focus. 2010; 29: E13 Crossref PubMed Scopus (82) Google Scholar ). This information, besides providing clues on the biological basis of aggressiveness, might help improve DBS procedures to treat drug-resistant aggressive behavior." @default.
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• W2035354014 date "2012-12-01" @default.
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• W2035354014 title "Hypothalamic Oscillations in Human Pathological Aggressiveness" @default.
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