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- W2036360528 endingPage "843" @default.
- W2036360528 startingPage "798" @default.
- W2036360528 abstract "Hookah (narghile, shisha, water-pipe) smoking is now seen by public health officials as a global tobacco epidemic. Cigarette Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) is classically understood as a combination of Side-Stream Smoke (SSS) and Exhaled Main-Stream Smoke (EMSS), both diluted and aged. Some of the corresponding cigarette studies have served as the scientific basis for stringent legislation on indoor smoking across the world. Interestingly, one of the distinctive traits of the hookah device is that it generates almost no SSS. Indeed, its ETS is made up almost exclusively by the smoke exhaled by the smoker (EMSS), i.e. which has been filtered by the hookah at the level of the bowl, inside the water, along the hose and then by the smoker's respiratory tract itself. The present paper reviews the sparse and scattered scientific evidence available about hookah EMSS and the corresponding inferences that can be drawn from the composition of cigarette EMSS. The reviewed literature shows that most of hookah ETS is made up of EMSS and that the latter qualitatively differs from MSS. Keeping in mind that the first victim of passive smoking is the active smoker her/himself, the toxicity of hookah ETS for non-smokers should not be overestimated and hyped in an unscientific way." @default.
- W2036360528 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2036360528 creator A5067187222 @default.
- W2036360528 date "2009-02-23" @default.
- W2036360528 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
- W2036360528 title "Hookah (Shisha, Narghile) Smoking and Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS). A Critical Review of the Relevant Literature and the Public Health Consequences" @default.
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- W2036360528 doi "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph6020798" @default.
- W2036360528 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2672364" @default.
- W2036360528 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19440416" @default.
- W2036360528 hasPublicationYear "2009" @default.
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