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• W2036691177 abstract "Abstract Until the discovery of Australopithecus afarensis , cheek‐tooth megadontia was unequivocally one of the defining characteristics of the australopithecine grade in human evolution along with bipedalism and small brains. This species, however, has an average postcanine area of 757 mm 2 , which is more like Homo habilis (759 mm 2 ) than A. africanus (856 mm 2 ). But what is its relative cheek‐tooth size in comparison to body size? One approach to this question is to compare postcanine tooth area to estimated body weight. By this method all Australopithecus species are megadont: they have cheek teeth 1.7 to 2.3 times larger than modern hominoids of similar body size. The series from A. afarensis to A. africanus to A. robustus to A. boisei shows strong positive allometry indicating increasing megadontia through time. The series from H. habilis to H. erectus to H. sapiens shows strong negative allometry which implies a sharp reduction in the relative size of the posterior teeth. Postcanine megadontia in Australopithecus species can also be demonstrated by comparing tooth size and body size in associated skeletons: A. afarensis (represented by A.L. 288–1) has a cheek‐tooth size 2.8 times larger than expected from modern hominoids; A. africanus (Sts 7) and A. robustus (TM 1517) are over twice the expected size. The evolutionary transition from the megadont condition of Australopithecus to the trend of decreasing megadontia seen in the Homo lineage may have occurred between 3.0 and 2.5 m.y. from A. afarensis to H. habilis but other evidence indicates that it is more likely to have occurred between 2.5 to 2.0 m.y. from an A. africanus ‐like form to H. habilis ." @default.
• W2036691177 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2036691177 creator A5044655446 @default.
• W2036691177 date "1984-07-01" @default.
• W2036691177 modified "2023-10-12" @default.
• W2036691177 title "Relative cheek‐tooth size in <i>Australopithecus</i>" @default.
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• W2036691177 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330640312" @default.
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