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- W2037024987 abstract "The presence of cholesterol has been shown to provide stability and, in general, to decrease the permeability of biological membranes to various solutes. Such stability would be beneficial to the cell only in so far as it does not interfere with specific transport properties. However, recent evidence indicates that if cholesterol concentration within the membranes is increased in relation to phospholipids, vital transport processes could be inhibited. It is proposed that increased incorporation of cholesterol into the plasma membranes of arterial intima cells (possibly induced by high levels of circulating plasma β-lipoproteins and/or endothelial injury), could have a critical inhibitory effect on several important membrane enzymes. Inhibition of regulatory enzymes such as (Na+ + K+)-stimulated ATPase and adenyl cyclase will result in alterations of the metabolic state of the whole cell, initiating a complex sequence of events. Inhibition of the (Na+ + K+) transport ATPase will result in loss of intracellular K+ and consequently to inhibition of protein synthesis and other intracellular enzyme systems, followed by lysis due to osmotic imbalance, and eventual cell death. Impairment of the adenyl cyclase activity and the resulting lower cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels will produce inhibition of several intracellular enzyme systems, including important secretory mechanisms. The accumulation of intracellular esterfied cholesterol, as in fatty streaks, could reflect such inhibition of the mechanism of sterol release. Low levels of cAMP would also tend to induce cell proliferation, as in the early stages of atherogenesis. Cells with impaired transport properties would eventually become necrotic. This would initiate a further sequence of events including proliferation of phagocytes, deposition of lipid plaques, and collagenous fibers, and the other morphological manifestations of advanced atherosclerotic lesions. It is thus possible to derive an etiological relationship between extracellular cholesterol and the latter events related to the development of atherosclerotic lesions." @default.
- W2037024987 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2037024987 date "1974-02-01" @default.
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- W2037024987 title "Cholesterol and cell membrane function: A hypothesis concerning the etiology of atherosclerosis" @default.
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- W2037024987 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5193(74)80064-0" @default.
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