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• W2037397907 abstract "The electrical activity of the dorsal and ventral hippocampus and of the anterior and posterior neocortex is described and illustrated during the development of trained operant behavior in water-deprived cats learning to barpress for water reward under three operant conditioning schedules: (a) continuous reinforcement; (b) alternating 10 sec periods of reinforcement and non-reinforcement; and (c) mixed reinforcement and non-reinforcement with special auditory and visual cues. In addition, the contrasting effects of 100 c/sec electrical stimulation of the medial and lateral hypothalamic systems upon hippocampal electrical activity and operantly trained behavior are reported. During the early stages of learning to barpress for water reward, when close attention to the bar and water-well are required, hippocampal electrical activity manifests synchrony (theta rhythm) and neocortical electrical activity is desynchronized. Subsequently, as barpressing performance improves and requires little attention to the manipulanda, the pattern of hippocampal and neocortical electrical activity is one of irregular slow waves mixed with low voltage, high frequency activity, characteristic of relative inattention and automatic performance. During alternating or mixed reinforcement and non-reinforcement schedules of operant training differential effects are observed during reinforcement and non-reinforcement periods, the latter being characterized generally by lower voltage, mixed low and high frequency activity, except when orienting and shifting of attention occured with associated theta rhythm bursts. Stimulation of the medial hypothalamic system has a striking inhibitory effect upon bar-pressing for water reward. Bar-pressing ceases for many minutes but is eventually resumed at the pre-stimulation rate. In contrast, stimulation of the lateral hypothalamic system only interrupts bar-pressing for a matter of seconds. Possible causes of these differential effects, and especially the prolonged inhibition of bar-pressing induced by medial hypothalamic stimulation, are discussed. Les auteurs de´crivent l'activite´e´lectrique de l'hippocampe dorsal et ventral et du ne´ocortex ante´rieur et poste´rieur et l'illustrent au cours du de´veloppement du comportement ope´rant avec apprentissage chez chats prive´s d'eau qui apprenenta`presser un levier pour obtenir de l'eau dans trois programmes de conditionnement ope´rant: (a) renforcement continu; (b) alternance de pe´riodes de 10 sec de renforcement et de non renforcement; et (c) renforcement mixte et non renforcement, avec signaux auditifs et visuels spe´ciaux. En outre les effets de contraste de la stimulation électriquea`100 c/sec des syste`mes hypothalamiques me´dian et late´ral sur l'activite´e´lectrique hippocampique et le comportement ope´rant entraiˆn ésont rapporte´s. Au cours des stades pre´coces de l'apprentissagea`presser un levier pour obtenir de l'eau, lorsque l'animal doit faire tre`s attention au levier et au distributeur d'eau, l'activite´e´lectrique hippocampique se synchronise (rythmes theˆta) et l'activite´e´lectrique ne´ocorticale se de´synchronise. Ulte´rieurement, lorsque la performance est ame´liore´e et ne´cessite moins d'attentiona`celui qui manipule le levier, le pattern d'activite´e´lectrique hippocampique et ne´ocortical consiste en ondes lentes irre´gulie´res me élange éesa`une activite´de haute fre´quence et de bas voltage caracte´ristiques de l'inattention relative et de la performance automatique. Au cours du renforcement alternant ou mixte et des programmes de non renforcement de l'apprentissage ope´rant, des effets diffe´rentiels sont observe´s entre les pe´riodes de renforcement et de non renforcement, ces dernie´rese´tant caracte´rise´es en ge´ne´ral par un voltage moindre, une activite´de fre´quences mixtes basse ete´leve´e, sauf lorsque l'orientation et la variation de l'attention surviennent lors de bouffe´es theˆta. La stimulation du syste`me hypothalamique me´dian a un effet inhibiteur marque´sur la performance de pression du levier pour obtenir de l'eau. L'animal cesse de presser le levier pendant plusieurs minutes mais parfois fonctionnea`son taux pre´-stimulation. Par contre, la stimulation du syste´me hypothalamique late´ral n'interrompt la pression du levier que pendant quelques secondes. Les causes possibles de ces effets diffe´rentiels et spe´cialement l'inhibition prolonge´e de la performance induite par la stimulation hypothalamique me´diane sont discute´es." @default.
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• W2037397907 title "Behavioral and hippocampal electrical changes during operant learning in cats and effects of stimulating two hypothalamic-hippocampal systems" @default.
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• W2037397907 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4694(77)90168-7" @default.
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