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- W2037759181 abstract "Summary: Splenic peripheral B‐cell development and the events regulating this functionally significant but relatively poorly defined developmental process have become a major focus in recent studies in B‐cell immunology. Following the exit from the bone marrow, peripheral B cells develop through transitional type 1 (T1) and transitional type 2 (T2) B‐cell stages. Emerging data suggest that the T2 subset is the immediate precursor of the mature B‐cell populations present in the spleen. In this review, we first elaborate on the evidence describing the unique properties of CD21 hi CD24 hi CD23 hi IgM hi IgD hi T2 B cells. T2 cells uniquely activate a proliferative, pro‐survival, and differentiation program in response to B‐cell antigen receptor (BCR) engagement. The potential mechanisms leading to the differential BCR responsiveness of T1 versus T2 B cells are discussed. We also review evidence that distinguishes key BCR‐dependent signaling pathways operative in T2 and mature B cells. These signaling cascades include a protein kinase Cβ (PKCβ)‐dependent cell‐survival pathway and a second PKCβ‐independent pathway essential for BCR‐driven differentiation. Finally, we discuss recent intriguing results suggesting that the type of signal(s) encountered by T2 cells leads to their differential maturation toward the follicular mature versus marginal zone mature B‐cell populations. These combined observations suggest important implications with regard to B‐cell selection and tolerance, potential novel therapeutic targets for B‐cell lymphomas, and how the intricate balance of commensal organisms and other microenvironmental signals interact to promote the generation of ‘innate‐like’ versus adaptive effector B‐cell populations." @default.
- W2037759181 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2037759181 creator A5008122139 @default.
- W2037759181 creator A5027470095 @default.
- W2037759181 creator A5031406053 @default.
- W2037759181 creator A5082021083 @default.
- W2037759181 creator A5090962798 @default.
- W2037759181 date "2004-01-06" @default.
- W2037759181 modified "2023-10-12" @default.
- W2037759181 title "Signaling in transitional type 2 B cells is critical for peripheral B-cell development" @default.
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