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• W2037760062 abstract "Les mycobactéries à croissance rapide sont des pathogènes émergents d’isolement facile, mais d’identification laborieuse. L’objectif de ce travail est de préciser le rôle de ces espèces en pathologie humaine. Nous avons revu l’ensemble des articles de langue anglaise publiés en 1999–2007 utilisant les mots clés : rapidly growing mycobacteria. Vingt-sept nouvelles espèces de mycobactéries à croissance rapide ont été décrites en dix ans. Les mycobactéries à croissance rapide produisent des colonies visibles sur gélose en moins d’une semaine, la plupart des milieux non sélectifs permettant la croissance en particulier la gélose au sang. Leur identification précise ne peut se faire actuellement qu’à l’aide du séquençage de gènes cibles, en particulier du gène rpoB. Si l’interprétation d’une mycobactérie à croissance rapide dans un prélèvement clinique n’est pas univoque, ces espèces sont responsables d’infections pulmonaires chroniques résistantes aux traitements antibiotiques, en particulier chez les patients présentant une mucoviscidose ; elles sont également responsables d’infections d’inoculation de la peau et des tissus mous, de septicémies avec une porte d’entrée vasculaire, ainsi que d’ostéites. La prochaine mise à disposition du génome de Mycobacterium abscessus et de Mycobacterium chelonae permettra certainement la mise en place de nouveaux outils moléculaires de détection et d’identification, tandis que des systèmes phénotypiques multiparamétriques devraient permettre l’identification phénotypique fonctionnelle pour l’ensemble des laboratoires de microbiologie. Rapidly growing mycobacteria are emerging pathogens of which identification is laborious. The objectives of this review is to precise the role of rapidly growing mycobacteria in human diseases. We have used the keywords rapidly growing mycobacteria to review most articles published in English language from 1999 to 2007. Twenty-seven rapidly growing mycobacteria species have been described for 10 years. Rapidly growing mycobacteria yield visible colonies within seven days, most of these species being able to grow on nonselective agar including blood agar. Their identification exclusively relies on sequencing appropriate target genes including rpoB gene. The interpretation of rapidly growing mycobacteria in a clinical specimen relies on American Thoracic Society criteria published in 2007. Rapidly growing mycobacteria are responsible for lung infection, particularly in cystic fibrosis patients as well as cutaneous infections following inoculation, bacteremia in patients with intravascular device and osteitis. Next future publication of Mycobacterium abscessus and Mycobacterium chelonae genome will be able to allow to develop additional molecular tools for the detection and accurate identification of these species: multiparametric phenotypic tests may also allow rapid and accurate identification of isolates in next future for most microbiology laboratories like in France." @default.
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• W2037760062 date "2008-05-01" @default.
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• W2037760062 title "Mycobactéries à croissance rapide en microbiologie clinique courante" @default.
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• W2037760062 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antib.2008.02.003" @default.
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