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- W2039094927 abstract "Liquid paraffin-in-water emulsions prepared with cetrimide and alcohols cetostearyl (A), cetyl (B), and stearyl (C) were examined by microscopical, particle size analytical and rheological techniques at 25°C as they aged over 30 days. The rheological techniques included continuous shear and small strain creep and oscillatory experiments. The emulsions were white shiny semisolids of similar consistencies immediately after preparation. With age, the consistency of emulsion A did not change significantly. In contrast, the consistencies of the pure alcohol emulsions B and C reduced on storage. Reductions were most marked in emulsion C, which was nonlinear viscoelastic and mobile after 10 days, with marked creaming after 30 days. Emulsion B, although mobile after 20 days, only exhibited slight creaming during the 30 days test period. Particle sizes of the emulsions were similar, and in emulsions B and C increased only slightly with age. Thus rheological stabilities were not correlated with the variations in particle size distributions, but rather with the stabilities of viscoelastic networks formed in the continuous phases when aqueous cetrimide interacted with long chain alcohol. The cetostearyl alcohol networks formed in emulsion A were extensive, in emulsion B the cetyl alcohol networks were initially extensive, but became tenuous on storage, and in emulsion C, although viscoelastic stearyl alcohol networks formed initially, they rapidly disintegrated. Microscopical examinations supported this view. The influence of homolog composition and alcohol chain length on the ternary structures responsible for the gel networks are discussed." @default.
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- W2039094927 date "1976-10-01" @default.
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- W2039094927 title "The structure and rheology of pharmaceutical and cosmetic creams. Cetrimide creams; The influence of alcohol chain length and homolog composition" @default.
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- W2039094927 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9797(76)90176-4" @default.
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