Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2039215835> ?p ?o ?g. }
- W2039215835 endingPage "14" @default.
- W2039215835 startingPage "3" @default.
- W2039215835 abstract "Haemophilus influenzae serotype b (Hib) can cause severe life threatening disease in healthy individuals, with over 80% of cases in the pre-vaccine era occurring in children under five years of age. The introduction of Hib conjugate vaccine into routine childhood immunisation programmes has resulted in a dramatic reduction in the incidence of invasive Hib disease across all age groups. The objective of this paper is to update existing UK guidelines on the prevention of Hib disease among contacts of an index case by reviewing the original literature and the current epidemiology of Hib carriage and invasive disease. Household contacts of individuals who develop invasive Hib disease are at higher risk of developing secondary Hib infection themselves, particularly if the contact is a young child or is immunosuppressed. Pre-school contacts of young children with invasive Hib disease are also at higher risk of developing secondary Hib infection. Rifampicin at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day for 4 days is highly effective in eradicating pharyngeal carriage of Hib and reducing the risk of invasive Hib disease among household and pre-school contacts. Children under 10 years of age who develop invasive Hib disease should also receive rifampicin chemoprophylaxis to eliminate carriage and have Hib antibody levels tested around four weeks after infection. Hib vaccine failure cases should additionally have immunoglobulin concentrations measured and be assessed for evidence of an immune deficiency. If there is a vulnerable individual (child younger than 10 years or an immunosuppressed or asplenic individual of any age) among the household contacts of a case, all members of that household, including the index case, should receive chemoprophylaxis. All children younger than 10 years in the household should be appropriately vaccinated against Hib. Where more than one case occurs in a pre-school or primary school setting, chemoprophylaxis should be offered to all room contacts (including staff), and unimmunised and partially immunised children younger than 10 years should complete their primary immunisations, including a booster dose, as soon as possible. Families of children attending the same pre-school or primary school as an index case should be advised to seek medical advice if their child becomes unwell. Haemophilus influenzae serotype b (Hib) can cause severe life threatening disease in healthy individuals, with over 80% of cases in the pre-vaccine era occurring in children under five years of age. The introduction of Hib conjugate vaccine into routine childhood immunisation programmes has resulted in a dramatic reduction in the incidence of invasive Hib disease across all age groups. The objective of this paper is to update existing UK guidelines on the prevention of Hib disease among contacts of an index case by reviewing the original literature and the current epidemiology of Hib carriage and invasive disease. Household contacts of individuals who develop invasive Hib disease are at higher risk of developing secondary Hib infection themselves, particularly if the contact is a young child or is immunosuppressed. Pre-school contacts of young children with invasive Hib disease are also at higher risk of developing secondary Hib infection. Rifampicin at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day for 4 days is highly effective in eradicating pharyngeal carriage of Hib and reducing the risk of invasive Hib disease among household and pre-school contacts. Children under 10 years of age who develop invasive Hib disease should also receive rifampicin chemoprophylaxis to eliminate carriage and have Hib antibody levels tested around four weeks after infection. Hib vaccine failure cases should additionally have immunoglobulin concentrations measured and be assessed for evidence of an immune deficiency. If there is a vulnerable individual (child younger than 10 years or an immunosuppressed or asplenic individual of any age) among the household contacts of a case, all members of that household, including the index case, should receive chemoprophylaxis. All children younger than 10 years in the household should be appropriately vaccinated against Hib. Where more than one case occurs in a pre-school or primary school setting, chemoprophylaxis should be offered to all room contacts (including staff), and unimmunised and partially immunised children younger than 10 years should complete their primary immunisations, including a booster dose, as soon as possible. Families of children attending the same pre-school or primary school as an index case should be advised to seek medical advice if their child becomes unwell." @default.
- W2039215835 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2039215835 creator A5000523306 @default.
- W2039215835 creator A5016489221 @default.
- W2039215835 creator A5020747788 @default.
- W2039215835 creator A5023705767 @default.
- W2039215835 creator A5059749015 @default.
- W2039215835 creator A5061924656 @default.
- W2039215835 creator A5065434292 @default.
- W2039215835 creator A5085899637 @default.
- W2039215835 date "2009-01-01" @default.
- W2039215835 modified "2023-10-01" @default.
- W2039215835 title "Recommendations for the prevention of secondary Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) disease" @default.
- W2039215835 cites W1501906977 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W1520744540 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W1538368223 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W1543932767 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W1591378700 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W1668707517 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W1854587130 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W1943905347 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W1969101956 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W1975337175 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W1975460229 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W1978337312 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W1981398603 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W1985278717 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W1986394488 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W1989511322 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W1991226916 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W1998713182 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2015685338 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2023939481 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2026821147 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2029690795 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2031000343 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2031205447 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2033037223 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2034233888 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2035408544 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2035964647 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2039797398 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2042541490 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2052117456 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2054843896 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2058867673 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2060246859 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2060734056 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2064286774 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2065961676 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2068780134 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2070151616 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2071948175 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2073110461 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2074450239 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2074570487 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2078694242 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2079514050 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2081953487 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2084213565 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2085529774 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2085595184 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2087502650 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2090358347 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2090796800 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2092600119 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2098202090 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2099827565 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2100825835 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2102113589 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2106710965 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2108849756 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2109158943 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2113895077 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2114663173 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2119953855 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2129843360 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2134870549 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2139883634 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2139938005 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2148663897 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2148965522 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2150219559 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2156255088 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2160943242 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2167585065 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2313083727 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2314411582 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2314918771 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2316682485 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2318929454 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2329325544 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2340664047 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2461848962 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2463987070 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W2611234847 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W4230778275 @default.
- W2039215835 cites W4239387333 @default.