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• W2040202358 startingPage "656" @default.
• W2040202358 abstract "Evidence from ancient sediments indicates that liquid water and primitive life were present during the Archean despite the faint young Sun. To date, studies of Archean climate typically utilize simplified one-dimensional models that ignore clouds and ice. Here, we use an atmospheric general circulation model coupled to a mixed-layer ocean model to simulate the climate circa 2.8 billion years ago when the Sun was 20% dimmer than it is today. Surface properties are assumed to be equal to those of the present day, while ocean heat transport varies as a function of sea ice extent. Present climate is duplicated with 0.06 bar of CO2 or alternatively with 0.02 bar of CO2 and 0.001 bar of CH4. Hot Archean climates, as implied by some isotopic reconstructions of ancient marine cherts, are unattainable even in our warmest simulation having 0.2 bar of CO2 and 0.001 bar of CH4. However, cooler climates with significant polar ice, but still dominated by open ocean, can be maintained with modest greenhouse gas amounts, posing no contradiction with CO2 constraints deduced from paleosols or with practical limitations on CH4 due to the formation of optically thick organic hazes. Our results indicate that a weak version of the faint young Sun paradox, requiring only that some portion of the planet's surface maintain liquid water, may be resolved with moderate greenhouse gas inventories. Thus, hospitable late Archean climates are easily obtained in our climate model. Key Words: Early Earth—Atmosphere—Habitability. Astrobiology 13, 656–673." @default.
• W2040202358 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2040202358 creator A5054214768 @default.
• W2040202358 creator A5056707598 @default.
• W2040202358 date "2013-07-01" @default.
• W2040202358 modified "2023-10-11" @default.
• W2040202358 title "Hospitable Archean Climates Simulated by a General Circulation Model" @default.
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• W2040202358 doi "https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2012.0936" @default.
• W2040202358 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23808659" @default.
• W2040202358 hasPublicationYear "2013" @default.
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