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- W2040362105 abstract "Editor, Idiopathic juxtafoveal telangiectasia (IJT) type 2A is characterized by the presence of bilateral acquired ectatic capillaries that involve the temporal half of the fovea (Yannuzzi et al. 2006). Neovascularization and foveal atrophy may occur with progression of the disease and cause severe visual loss (Yannuzzi et al. 2006). We report the successful use of intravitreal ranibizumab and bevacizumab in a case of IJT, complicated by bilateral and simultaneous subretinal neovascularization (SRN). A 62-year-old woman presented at our department with a 2-month history of bilateral visual loss and metamorphopsia. A diagnosis of IJT 2A had been made 7 years earlier. Visual acuity (VA) had remained stable at 20/25 in both eyes during the subsequent period. At the time of presentation, best corrected Snellen VA (BCVA) was 20/80 in the right eye (RE) and 20/50 in the left eye (LE). Anterior segment biomicroscopy was unremarkable in both eyes. Fundus examination showed dilated right-angled retinal vessels (mainly venules) dipping deep into the retina, whitish elevated subretinal tissue in both eyes and a retinal haemorrhage in the RE (Fig. 1A, B). Fluorescein angiography (FA) revealed telangiectatic perifoveal capillaries associated with SRN with leakage in both eyes (Fig. 1C–F). Macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) (Stratus OCT; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA, USA) showed deep intraretinal and subretinal neovascular tissue associated with increased macular thickness and subretinal fluid (Fig. 2A, B). Central retinal thickness (CRT) was 350 μm RE and 323 μm LE. Colour fundus photographs and fluorescein angiography (FA) images in a patient with bilateral subretinal neovascularization secondary to idiopathic juxtafoveal telangiectasia type 2A. Colour fundus photographs of the (A) right and (B) left eyes, showing slightly dilated retinal vessels extending at right angles into the depth of a whitish subretinal lesion in both eyes, mostly located at the parafoveal temporal retina and associated with a retinal haemorrhage in the RE. (C, D) Early-phase FA shows telangiectatic perifoveal capillaries, anastomosing with retinal vessels (arrow). (E, F) FA shows subretinal neovascularization with late leakage. Serial optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans during follow-up of a patient with bilateral subretinal neovascularization secondary to idiopathic juxtafoveal telangiectasia type 2A. (A) Right eye (RE) at presentation, showing increased central retinal thickness (CRT) (350 μm). The deep intraretinal hyperreflective tissue corresponds to part of the neovascular membrane (arrow). (B) Left eye (LE) at presentation. CRT is 323 μm and subretinal fluid is seen. (C) One month after intravitreal bevacizumab injection RE, CRT decreased to 305 μm. (D) CRT increased to 372 μm in the untreated LE. Note the deeply located hyperreflective tissue, now more clearly visible, corresponding to the neovascular membrane (arrow). The patient elected to be treated with intravitreal ranibizumab injection in both eyes. One month later, CRT decreased to (E) 200 μm RE and (F) 211 μm LE. At the 6-month follow-up visit, CRT was (G) 214 μm RE, but had increased to 336 μm LE with evidence of subfoveal fluid (H). The patient received a second intravitreal ranibizumab injection. At the 10-month follow-up visit, CRT was (I) 223 μm RE with no evidence of lesion activity, whereas (J) subretinal fluid recurred in the LE (CRT = 251 μm). The patient received a third intravitreal ranibizumab injection. At the last follow-up visit, 13 months after presentation, CRT was (K) 225 μm RE and (L) 203 μm LE. The OCTs were flat with no evidence of neovascular membrane activity in either eye. After discussing various treatment options and obtaining informed consent for off-label use, an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab 1.25 mg (0.05 ml) was administered in the RE, which was selected for treatment because it had the worse VA. One month later, BCVA improved to 20/60 RE, but the patient still complained of visually disabling metamorphopsia. Central retinal thickness decreased to 305 μm RE (Fig. 2C) and no significant changes were observed on FA. At our request, the subject’s health insurance company agreed to cover the cost of intravitreal ranibizumab 0.5 mg, which was administered in both eyes in two sessions during the same week. One month later, FA showed a reduction in leakage and partial regression of the neovascularization. Central retinal thickness decreased to 200 μm RE and 211 μm LE (Fig. 2E, F). Visual acuity improved to 20/25 RE and 20/30 LE and metamorphopsia resolved in both eyes. The patient was followed up monthly. At the 6-month follow-up visit, no changes were noted RE, whereas BCVA had decreased to 20/50 LE with angiographic evidence of recurrent neovascularization. Computed tomography showed increased retinal thickness (336 μm) and subretinal fluid (Fig. 2H). The LE was re-injected with intravitreal ranibizumab 0.5 mg. One month later, VA had improved to 20/40, CRT had decreased to 210 μm and there was no subretinal fluid on OCT. At the 10-month follow-up visit, BCVA RE remained at 20/25 and OCT in the same eye showed a stable appearance with no evidence of recurrence (Fig. 2I). However, BCVA LE had dropped once again to 20/50 and a recurrence of subretinal fluid was seen on OCT (Fig. 2J). A third intravitreal ranibizumab 0.5 mg injection was administered in the LE. At the last follow-up visit (month 13), BCVA was 20/25 in both eyes with no OCT evidence of neovascular membrane activity (Fig. 2K, L). No ocular or systemic adverse events were observed during the follow-up. The longterm visual prognosis for patients with IJT complicated by new vessel formation is poor: 80% of a series of 26 eyes with untreated neovascular membranes attained a final VA ≤ 20/200 (Engelbrecht et al. 2002). Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin carries a risk of permanent damage to the retinal pigment epithelium (Shanmugam & Agarwal 2005), raising concerns about the safety of PDT in this condition. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy may be a reasonable alternative for the treatment of IJT-associated SRN. Several reports on the successful use of intravitreal bevacizumab for SRN complicating IJT have been published recently (Jorge et al. 2007; Mandal et al. 2007; Kovach & Rosenfeld 2009). To the best of our knowledge, no previous report exists on the use of ranibizumab as monotherapy in the treatment of SRN secondary to IJT. In our case, one intravitreal bevacizumab injection followed by one intravitreal ranibizumab injection in the RE and three intravitreal ranibizumab injections in the LE were effective in improving VA (by five Snellen lines RE and four Snellen lines LE), resolving metamorphopsia and achieving regression of neovascularization. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the longterm efficacy and safety of intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy in the treatment of neovascularization associated with IJT." @default.
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- W2040362105 date "2009-11-24" @default.
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- W2040362105 title "Intravitreal ranibizumab and bevacizumab for bilateral subretinal neovascularization secondary to idiopathic juxtafoveal telangiectasia type 2A" @default.
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- W2040362105 doi "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.2009.01598.x" @default.
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