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- W2041012648 abstract "A radiometer is a radio receiver and associated equipment used to measure the power level of incident electromagnetic radiation. Often it is used to measure the power level of radiation of celestial origin arriving from some direction in space. Such radiation has a random, noise-like character, and is apparently well-represented as a stationary (or nearly stationary) Gaussian random process with mean zero. In the language of mathematical statistics, the radiometer may be thought of as a computing device which provides an estimate of the variance of a stationary Gaussian process. The problem of estimating the variance of a random process is a sort of poor relation of the problem of estimating the spectrum; it is similar but easier and general results are well-known. Grenander [1] showed in 1950 that if the spectral shape is known to within a scale factor then an estimatorl can be specified that yields the correct value of variance with probability one, using a sample of any finite duration. If the spectral shape is not known, no such neat solution exists; it is then customary to consider classes of quadratic estimators and determine the error mean and variance as a function of the spectrum [2]. In the analysis of radiometer operation to follow, we essentially treat quadratic estimators, as just mentioned. Both because it is assumed that the shape of the spectrum is not precisely known, and because of difficulties in implementation, radiometers designed to be optimal for a specified spectral shape do not seem to us very practical, and we do not discuss them further. There are constraints imposed on the radiometer problem which specialize and complicate it beyond the idealized problem of measuring the variance of a random process. Thus, although we present a little conventional theory of quadratic estimators, most of this paper is concerned" @default.
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- W2041012648 date "1963-06-01" @default.
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- W2041012648 title "The Sensitivity of Radiometric Measurements" @default.
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- W2041012648 doi "https://doi.org/10.1137/0111019" @default.
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