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- W2041189632 abstract "In January 1940, the Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association was split into two separate publications: the Scientific Edition and the Practical Pharmacy Edition. The underlying basis for the split was the growth of divergent audience needs and interests. The Scientific Edition continued the Journal volume numbering, while the Practical Pharmacy Edition started its volume numbering from one. H.A.B. Dunning and Gustavus A. Pfeiffer provided a $45,000 grant to underwrite the expansion of the Journal. The Scientific Edition was scheduled for the beginning of the month, and the Practical Pharmacy Edition would appear 2 weeks later.1 Both editions were to be the same size to facilitate “binding storage and interchange of materials.”2 The scope of the respective editions was spelled out, with the Scientific Edition restricted to scientific articles, reports, and the pharmaceutical abstracts section. The Practical Pharmacy Edition would contain editorials and all other matters that were deemed to be of interest to the membership. A signed editorial appeared in the first issue of the new editions announcing the plan to send both sections to all members, at least through 1940. In 1948, APhA announced an expansion of membership services, including providing both JAPhA editions to duespaying members. The implication is that after the initial year, the plan to send both editions had not been continued. The basis given for this expanded distribution was pharmacists’ increased level of education and modern trends toward increased science in medicine and pharmacy. American pharmaceutical publishing was noted as unique, something in which “pharmacists may take particular pride.” It was suggested that members “let your physicians see the quality of the scientific articles in this journal [Scientific Edition]” as a way to showcase the quality and modernity of pharmaceutical sciences.3 Scientific Edition A.G. DuMez, the first editor of the Scientific Edition, served in that role until 1942.4 In 1940, APhA hired Justin L. Powers as the first full-time scientific officer.5 He was responsible for the revision of the National Formulary (NF) and was named director of the APhA laboratories, which were being moved from Chicago to the headquarters in Washington, DC. The National Formulary was in the process of changing its revision cycle to 5 years instead of 10 and required a full-time director. With the retirement of Edmund N. Gathercoal, who had directed the NF revision and laboratory from the pharmacy school at the University of Illinois at Chicago, it was an appropriate time to bring all of the work into the headquarters building. When DuMez resigned as editor of the Scientific Edition in 1942, it was natural to expand Powers’ responsibilities to include the editorship of the Journal. The journals of both the American Chemical Society and APhA were printed by the Mack Printing Company in Easton, PA. Consequently, the Scientific Edition was closely patterned after the highly respected and familiar Journal of the American Chemical Society (JACS). Since JACS had no content other than scientific papers, APhA continued the model. As a consequence, there was no voice for the views and policy pronouncements of interest to APhA scientific members (personal communication, E. Feldmann, May 2011). Powers explained that his efforts were directed by the Association’s Committee on Publications as the “policy setting authority and so refrained from controversial discussion that might affect the policies of the publication.”6 However, he was not a passive editor, pressing for the establishment of an editorial advisory board, which he selected to provide an overview of the major subject areas covered by the Scientific Edition: organic chemistry, analytical chemistry, pharmacology, pharmacognosy, and pharmacy. He also installed a referee system to aid in the selection and evaluation of papers and introduced the publication of critical review articles. Gathercoal had initiated the Bulletin of the Committee of Revision of the National Formulary in 1930 in preparation for the 6th edition of NF. This was a mimeographed publication produced under the authority of APhA for exchanging information among the members of the Committee on the National Formulary. This informal service continued through six volumes before becoming a copyrighted subscription publication in October 1938 titled the Bulletin of the National Formulary Committee (NF Bulletin). Justin Powers became editor of NF Bulletin when he took on the directorship of the APhA Laboratories in 1940. The publication was available upon subscription because the audience for the development of updated standards was broadening beyond those involved in the revision of NF to include members of the pharmaceutical industry.7 In 1951, the NF Bulletin was renamed Drug Standards with the volume number continuing. Justin Powers remained editor through the July/August 1960 issue when he retired from APhA. The format of the Scientific Edition remained fairly constant during the 20 years of publication (1940, vol. 23, to 1960, vol. 49). Pharmaceutical Abstracts, with unique pagination, continued to be published at the end of each issue. This arrangement offered an easy way for subscribers to remove and bind the abstracts together without interfering with the physical integrity of the Scientific Edition. This process continued through 1947, with the last of the abstracts published in 1948. The change in topics covered during the" @default.
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- W2041189632 date "2011-09-01" @default.
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- W2041189632 title "Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (1940–1960)" @default.
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- W2041189632 doi "https://doi.org/10.1331/japha.2011.11538" @default.
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