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• W2041645903 abstract "To investigate the effects of shikonin on phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) plus cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-induced T helper (TH) 2 cell cytokine production, and the underlying mechanism. We used activated EL-4 murine T-lymphoma cells, which produce interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5, but not interferon (IFN)-γ, as TH2 cell-like cells and treated them with PMA + cAMP to investigate the effects of shikonin on TH2 cytokines, transcriptional factors, and the related mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway. The data show that shikonin inhibited the PMA + cAMP-induced mRNA and protein expression of IL-4 and IL-5 via the downregulation of GATA-binding protein-3 (GATA-3) and c-musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma (Maf) but not T-box expressed in T cells (T-bet). Moreover, shikonin suppressed the phosphorylation of p38, inhibitor of κB (IκB) kinase (IKK)-β and IκB-α, and the subsequent IκB-α degradation induced by PMA + cAMP; however, the PMA + cAMP-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), which resulted in minor inhibition and phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), seemed to be unaffected by shikonin treatment. This study suggests that downregulation of GATA-3 and c-Maf via the suppression of p38, IKK-β and IκB-α phosphorylation might contribute to the inhibitory effect of shikonin on mitogen-induced IL-4 and IL-5 production in EL-4T cells. Furthermore, shikonin is a potential drug for treating allergic diseases." @default.
• W2041645903 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2041645903 date "2011-09-01" @default.
• W2041645903 modified "2023-10-13" @default.
• W2041645903 title "Shikonin inhibited mitogen-activated IL-4 and IL-5 production on EL-4 cells through downregulation of GATA-3 and c-Maf induction" @default.
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• W2041645903 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2011.07.002" @default.
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