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• W2041872803 abstract "Abstract A soil sampling program is the most direct means of determining the types, concentration/activity, and distribution of radionuclides within and around nuclear facilities. Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), for example, has had a soil surveillance program since the early 1970s and the purpose of this paper was to 1) evaluate this 20+ year data set to determine if there are any statistical differences in radionuclides (3H, 137Cs, 238Pu, 239,240Pu, 241Am, 90Sr, totU) and radioactivity (gross a, ß, and γ), as a function of air emissions and fugitive dust, in surface soils (0–5 cm depth) collected from LANL, perimeter (PM) and background (BG) sites, and 2) determine if radionuclide concentrations are increasing or decreasing over time. Also, the total effective dose equivalent (TEDE) and the corresponding risk of excess cancer fatalities (RECF) to a PM community were estimated. Based on the long‐term average, nine out of the ten radionuclide parameters measured in LANL soils (n=12) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in concentration than BG (n=6). Perimeter soils (n=10), on the other hand, showed less differences with only four out of the ten parameters being statistically higher in concentration than BG. Most radionuclides in LANL and PM areas, with the exception of 238Pu in soils from PM, significantly decrease in concentration over time, so that by 1996 most radionuclides were approaching values similar to BG. The maximum net positive TEDE (i.e., the TEDE + two sigma for each radioisotope minus background and then only the positive doses summed) for a resident living around the PM of LANL, as modeled by the residual radioactive (RESRAD) code using a residential scenario for soils collected from 1974–1996, 1993–1996, and in 1996 was 2.9 mrem y‐1 (29 μSv y‐1), 2.3 mrem y‐1 (23 μSv y‐1), and 0.8 mrem y‐1 (8 μSv y‐1), respectively. All upper bound TEDEs were far below the International Commission of Radiological Protection permissible dose limit of 100 mrem y‐1 (1000 μSv y‐1) for all pathways, and the highest TEDE corresponds to a RECF of 1.5 × 10‐6—an estimate far below the Environmental Protection Agency guideline of 10‐4." @default.
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• W2041872803 date "1998-02-01" @default.
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• W2041872803 title "Radionuclides in soils collected from within and around Los Alamos national laboratory: 1974–1996" @default.
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• W2041872803 doi "https://doi.org/10.1080/10934529809376731" @default.
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