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- W2045461196 abstract "In Germany 50 women volunteered to participate in a multicenter clinical trial of a vaginal ring releasing .015 mg ethinyl estradiol and .12 mg 3-keto-desogestrel daily. The women wore the vaginal ring for 3 weeks then removed it for a 1 week ring-free interval. More than 50% of the women had been pregnant in the past. No pregnancy occurred in the 405 application cycles (9 months). Withdrawal bleeding did not occur 4 times and irregular bleeding occurred 9 times. 95.7% and 93.5% of the women considered the ring easy to insert and easy to remove respectively. Only twice did women complain of vaginal discharge or a feeling of a foreign body. Even though most partners (91.3%) felt the ring 95.7% did not consider it a problem. The women did not consider reinsertion of the ring or its removal and cleaning obstacles. Monthly levels of prolactin luteinizing hormone follicle stimulating hormone estradiol DHEAS progesterone and testosterone for 9 months in 9 women (81 treatment cycles) showed the hormone-releasing vaginal ring sufficiently controlled the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. The ring did not disturb the vaginal environment. A review of the German study and studies of the same vaginal ring in Finland Holland Norway Sweden and Yugoslavia shows that absence of withdrawal bleeding occurred in 4.8% and irregular vaginal bleeding/spotting occurred in 5.3% of 2380 application cycles. 98.3% and 94.1% of the cycles resulted in correct insertion and correct removal respectively. No pregnancies occurred in any of these European studies. 24% of all the volunteers dropped out due to ring-related hormonal-method-related and not-method-related reasons. Liver involvement was minimal. The vaginal ring did not cause any major metabolic side effects. The volunteers practiced excellent compliance." @default.
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- W2045461196 date "1993-04-01" @default.
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- W2045461196 title "The 3-keto-desogestrel/ethinylestradiol ring: a new parenteral form of hormonal contraception" @default.
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- W2045461196 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0028-2243(93)90101-h" @default.
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