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• W2045487268 abstract "At midday, surface temperatures in the desert often exceed 60°C. To be active at this time, animals need extraordinary behavioural or physiological adaptations. Desert ants, for instance, spend up to 75% of their foraging time cooling down on elevated thermal refuges such as grass stalks [1Wehner R. Marsh A. Wehner S. Desert ants on a thermal tightrope.Nature. 1992; 357: 586-587Crossref Scopus (132) Google Scholar]. Ball-rolling dung beetles work under similar thermal conditions in South African savannahs. After landing at a fresh dung pile, a beetle quickly forms a dung ball and rolls it away in a straight line, head down, walking backwards [2Byrne M.J. Dacke M. Nordström P. Scholtz C. Warrant E.J. Visual cues used by ball-rolling dung beetles for orientation.J. Comp. Physiol. A. 2003; 189: 411-418Crossref Scopus (70) Google Scholar]. Earlier studies have shown that some dung beetles maintain an elevated body temperature to gain a competitive advantage [3Bartholomew G.A. Heinrich B. Endothermy in African dung beetles during flight, ball making, and ball rolling.J. Exp. Biol. 1978; 73: 65-83Google Scholar, 4Heinrich B. Bartholomew G.A. Roles of endothermy and size in inter- and intraspecific competition for elephant dung in an African dung beetle, Scarabaeues laevistriatus.Physiol. Zool. 1979; 52: 484-496Google Scholar, 5Ybarrondo B.A. Heinrich B. Thermoregulation and response to competition in the African dung beetle Kheper nigroaeneus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae).Physiol. Zool. 1996; 69: 35-48Google Scholar], and that heat shunting may prevent overheating during flight [6Verdú J.R. Díaz A. Galante E. Thermoregulatory strategies in two closely related sympatric Scarabaeus species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae).Physiol. Entomol. 2004; 29: 32-38Crossref Scopus (31) Google Scholar, 7Verdú J.R. Alba-Tercedor J. Jiménez-Manrique M. Evidence of different thermoregulatory mechanisms between two sympatric Scarabaeus species using infrared thermography and micro-computer tomography.PLoS ONE. 2012; 7: e33914Crossref PubMed Scopus (33) Google Scholar]. However, we know little about the behavioural strategies beetles might employ to mitigate heat stress while rolling their dung balls. Using infrared thermography and behavioural experiments, we show here that dung beetles use their dung ball as a mobile thermal refuge onto which they climb to cool down while rolling across hot soil. We further demonstrate that the moist ball functions not only as a portable platform, but also as a heat sink, which effectively cools the beetle as it rolls or climbs onto it." @default.
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• W2045487268 date "2012-10-01" @default.
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• W2045487268 title "Dung beetles use their dung ball as a mobile thermal refuge" @default.
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• W2045487268 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2012.08.057" @default.
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