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• W2046351504 abstract "BOOK REVIEWS89 From Cape Charles to Cape Fear: The North Atlantic Blockading Squadron during the Civil War. By Robert M. Browning, Jr. (Tuscaloosa and London: The University of Alabama Press, 1993. Pp. xv, 453. $44.95.) Robert M. Browning, Jr., chief historian of the United States Coast Guard, has written an important book that goes a long way toward filling a gaping gap in Civil War historiography. While the naval history of the war has been comparatively neglected, the operational reports of the most important of the Union's blockading squadrons have been largely overlooked, aside from specialized studies of individual actions, campaigns, and dramatic personalities like William Cushing. Browning's substantial contribution is this comprehensive examination of the major Union naval squadron, from its first frustrating months when an effective blockade of the Confederate coast was impossible to final victory, the reduction of Fort Fisher, and the capture of that last Confederate seaport, Wilmington, North Carolina, in early 1865. Materials for such a work have been available for years; Browning deserves praise for having the salty courage to explore and employ them. His research has been prodigious, as thirty or so pages of bibliography demonstrate. Abundant naval records in the National Archives and the Library of Congress as well as valuable papers, public and personal, in state archives and private libraries and the correspondence and memoirs of participants, from the crotchety opinions of Gideon Welles on down, all became grist for Browning 's mill. Out of it all comes a fairly clear, composite, almost encyclopedic picture, or rather series of pictures, reflecting the navy's side of the great American conflict and demonstrating the ultimate reality of Winfield Scott's Anaconda Plan. This is a rich and long overdue addition to the groaning shelves of Civil War history. Browning has done especially well on three aspects ofhis subject: 1) Union naval activities in the Sounds of eastern North Carolina, including intermittent cooperation with the army; 2) the dominant role of Rear Adm. S. Phillips Lee who commanded the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron (NABS) from September 1862 to October 1864; 3) successful combined operations in the Fort Fisher campaign. His chapter, The Capture of Wilmington, is the best and clearest, if not the most persuasive, of the fourteen making up the book. A few words of clarification on these three seem required. Conventional wisdom views the Union blockade (and especially NABS) in a romantic light with major emphasis on the blockade runners (organized by such sterling characters as Rhett Butler) rather than on the blockaders. Those blockaders had far more burdens laid on them than just cruising up and down the Rebel shore. Browning's chapters on the multiple activities of the Union navy on the broad waters of the Sounds and up narrow, twisting rivers like Chowan, Neuse, Pamlico, Roanoke, and Nansemond bring a new dimension to the war. And one is forced to speculate on how things might have gone if the Union army had combined with the navy in its operations in eastern North Carolina earlier, more effectively, and consistently. Browning also makes it clear that the waters for which NABS was responsible included 90CIVIL WAR HISTORY Chesapeake Bay and the James, York, and Rappahannock rivers, not to mention the Pamunkey, Mattapony, and Plankatank. Boredom may have been the chief curse of officers and men on the blockaders; the acutely dangerous work was inshore and up-river where boats and crews were (or could quickly become ) targets of shore batteries or victims of torpedoes. Admiral Lee (third cousin to Gen. Robert E. Lee), in his two years as NABS commander, was the chief architect of Union blockading strategy and tactics. From his first week in command, he bombarded the Navy Department with requests for more ships (steamers that could patrol the shallows in-shore) and men to man them, of course. In addition, Lee from those first weeks showed imagination, ingenuity, and intelligence in his proposals for action and in his dispositions of the forces under him. The multiple-girdle of blockaders was his contribution to naval theory and practice; and had it not been for virtually insoluble problems of maintenance (coaling and repairing, especially ), he might..." @default.
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• W2046351504 date "1994-01-01" @default.
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• W2046351504 title "<i>From Cape Charles to Cape Fear: The North Atlantic Blockading Squadron during the Civil War</i> (review)" @default.
• W2046351504 doi "https://doi.org/10.1353/cwh.1994.0049" @default.
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