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- W2046936327 abstract "We describe the lesions of extrapulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) affecting the lymph nodes of the mediastinum and retroperitoneum in 22 women (mean age ± SD, 42.4 ± 10.5 years). In most of these patients, the diagnosis of extrapulmonary LAM preceded that of pulmonary LAM, usually by 1 to 2 years. Eleven patients had distinct symptoms, including chylous pleural effusion and/or ascites, abdominal pain, and palpable abdominal masses. In the other 11 patients, the masses caused no symptoms. Well-circumscribed, encapsulated masses, measuring up to 20 cm in size, occurred in the mediastinum in 2 patients, the upper retroperitoneum in 15, extensive areas of the retroperitoneum in 2, and the pelvis in 3. The masses exceeding 3 cm in diameter contained large, multiple cysts filled with yellow-tan chylous fluid. Histologically, the masses were characterized by a proliferation of smooth muscle cells (LAM cells) arranged in fascicular, trabecular, and papillary patterns, which were associated with slit-like vascular channels. The LAM cells varied from small, spindle-shaped cells to large epithelioid cells. Immunohistochemical studies showed a strong reactivity of most LAM cells for α-smooth muscle actin and smooth muscle myosin heavy chain and a weak to moderate reactivity of a lesser number of cells for desmin and nonmuscle myosin heavy chain II-B. A reaction for HMB-45 and estrogen and progesterone receptors was observed mainly in epithelioid LAM cells. These patterns of reactivity are similar to those observed in pulmonary LAM. However, the chylous cysts are not a feature of pulmonary LAM and are thought to result from obstruction of lymphatics. HUM PATHOL 31:1242-1248." @default.
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- W2046936327 date "2000-10-01" @default.
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- W2046936327 title "Extrapulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM): Clinicopathologic features in 22 cases" @default.
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- W2046936327 doi "https://doi.org/10.1053/hupa.2000.18500" @default.
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