FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2047237166> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W2047237166 endingPage "117" @default.
• W2047237166 startingPage "79" @default.
• W2047237166 abstract "SUMMARY All bacteria in microbial insecticides are species of Bacillus and form spores since they have to survive in the environment and on the shelf. They can be formulated as wettable powders, suspensions and dusts for application with conventional pest control machinery. All are safe to man and virtually all non-target organisms. Development costs are relatively low, but host specificity greatly restricts markets, the largest being ca . 2000 tons per annum in the West for B. thuringiensis . All act only after ingestion, a disadvantage because there is no contact action and usually only larvae are attacked. Three main groups have special features that determine their commercial success. The B. popilliae group is produced only in vivo which limits production by three small firms. The Japanese beetle has been controlled in grassland in the warm parts of the USA by single applications of spores in heaps, spaced 2 m each way. The bacterium spreads slowly to untreated areas, is very persistent and kills only by infection. The B. thuringiensis group kills larvae of Lepidoptera, mosquitoes and blackflies, mainly by gut poisoning with a protein crystal toxin. It rapidly paralyses mouthparts and gut, stopping crop damage. It is readily produced by deep liquid fermentation, but does not persist and needs repeated application during the pest season. Products containing no beta exotoxin can be applied at unlimited dosage to food crops up to harvest. Only one application is needed for stored grain. After 20 years' use of strains against Lepidoptera, a different strain is now used commercially against mosquitoes and blackflies (only 5 years after its discovery), although improvements in formulation for aquatic application are needed. A recent new product based on the beta exotoxin is used in Finland only against flies in pig houses because it has some vertebrate toxicity. The B. sphaericus group is similar to B. thuringiensis , except that its proteinaceous toxin is different, is situated in the spore wall in strain 1593, and attacks only mosquitoes. Now at the pilot production stage, its commercial future depends on whether it is more potent than B. thuringiensis against certain species and whether it can recycle to give effective extended mosquito control in some environments. Intensive selection from natural isolates has improved potency 100 to 600 fold. This selective effort must be maintained and improved by genetic manipulation, which can be used to develop greater potential, particularly since DNA coding for the crystal toxin is carried on plasmids. This also gives speculative hope that the toxin may be incorporated into natural aquatic bacteria for mosquito control and into plants for protection against lepidopterous larvae. A great advantage is that these bacteria do not harm beneficial fauna to cause pest resurgence. At present, the main use lies in integrated pest control systems, although bacteria are not likely to supplant chemical insecticides on a large scale in the near future." @default.
• W2047237166 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2047237166 creator A5057396071 @default.
• W2047237166 date "1982-04-01" @default.
• W2047237166 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
• W2047237166 title "Control of insects by bacteria" @default.
• W2047237166 cites W1495472762 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W1531453869 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W1749003607 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W1868314652 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W1880702894 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W1892259190 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W1907756074 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W1935172629 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W1963893956 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W1971538075 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W1977137635 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W1988851798 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W1989594263 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W1993009055 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W1995210751 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2004446520 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2004989390 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2007109096 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2009484969 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2016630376 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2016717892 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2023257063 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2025045507 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2027839726 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2032892918 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2038279818 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2047929130 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2050724523 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2052002508 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2053532701 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2056706291 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2057178685 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2057317322 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2059156447 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2059833622 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2060943850 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2064529495 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2065072119 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2075123009 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2075774832 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2076041025 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2077088561 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2092010090 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2092513232 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2100259935 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2106232536 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2114375450 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2124740336 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2129018350 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2130323102 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2143246345 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2147948988 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2150519437 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2156944496 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2315916606 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2318392924 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2327196956 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2331411401 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2332583289 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2333057707 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2335598682 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W2485685187 @default.
• W2047237166 cites W4238391757 @default.
• W2047237166 doi "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000053610" @default.
• W2047237166 hasPublicationYear "1982" @default.
• W2047237166 type Work @default.
• W2047237166 sameAs 2047237166 @default.
• W2047237166 citedByCount "62" @default.
• W2047237166 countsByYear W20472371662012 @default.
• W2047237166 countsByYear W20472371662014 @default.
• W2047237166 countsByYear W20472371662015 @default.
• W2047237166 countsByYear W20472371662016 @default.
• W2047237166 countsByYear W20472371662017 @default.
• W2047237166 countsByYear W20472371662018 @default.
• W2047237166 countsByYear W20472371662022 @default.
• W2047237166 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
• W2047237166 hasAuthorship W2047237166A5057396071 @default.
• W2047237166 hasConcept C104727253 @default.
• W2047237166 hasConcept C137580998 @default.
• W2047237166 hasConcept C161176658 @default.
• W2047237166 hasConcept C173758957 @default.
• W2047237166 hasConcept C174618031 @default.
• W2047237166 hasConcept C177756618 @default.
• W2047237166 hasConcept C18903297 @default.
• W2047237166 hasConcept C193842886 @default.
• W2047237166 hasConcept C22508944 @default.
• W2047237166 hasConcept C2779035793 @default.
• W2047237166 hasConcept C2779578568 @default.
• W2047237166 hasConcept C2780461478 @default.
• W2047237166 hasConcept C33070731 @default.
• W2047237166 hasConcept C523546767 @default.
• W2047237166 hasConcept C53144768 @default.

• next