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• W2049206538 abstract "RNA viruses encoding high- or low-fidelity RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRp) are attenuated. The ability to predict residues of the RdRp required for faithful incorporation of nucleotides represents an essential step in any pipeline intended to exploit perturbed fidelity as the basis for rational design of vaccine candidates. We used x-ray crystallography, molecular dynamics simulations, NMR spectroscopy, and pre-steady-state kinetics to compare a mutator (H273R) RdRp from poliovirus to the wild-type (WT) enzyme. We show that the nucleotide-binding site toggles between the nucleotide binding-occluded and nucleotide binding-competent states. The conformational dynamics between these states were enhanced by binding to primed template RNA. For the WT, the occluded conformation was favored; for H273R, the competent conformation was favored. The resonance for Met-187 in our NMR spectra reported on the ability of the enzyme to check the correctness of the bound nucleotide. Kinetic experiments were consistent with the conformational dynamics contributing to the established pre-incorporation conformational change and fidelity checkpoint. For H273R, residues comprising the active site spent more time in the catalytically competent conformation and were more positively correlated than the WT. We propose that by linking the equilibrium between the binding-occluded and binding-competent conformations of the nucleotide-binding pocket and other active-site dynamics to the correctness of the bound nucleotide, faithful nucleotide incorporation is achieved. These studies underscore the need to apply multiple biophysical and biochemical approaches to the elucidation of the physical basis for polymerase fidelity.The physical basis for polymerase fidelity remains unclear.ResultsMolecular dynamics simulations, NMR, and pre-steady-state kinetics of a mutator polymerase reveal conformational states of the active site that serve as fidelity checkpoints.ConclusionProtein dynamics, largely concealed by x-ray crystallography, govern incorporation fidelity.SignificanceStrategies have been inspired for engineering (anti)mutator polymerases and attenuated viruses. RNA viruses encoding high- or low-fidelity RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRp) are attenuated. The ability to predict residues of the RdRp required for faithful incorporation of nucleotides represents an essential step in any pipeline intended to exploit perturbed fidelity as the basis for rational design of vaccine candidates. We used x-ray crystallography, molecular dynamics simulations, NMR spectroscopy, and pre-steady-state kinetics to compare a mutator (H273R) RdRp from poliovirus to the wild-type (WT) enzyme. We show that the nucleotide-binding site toggles between the nucleotide binding-occluded and nucleotide binding-competent states. The conformational dynamics between these states were enhanced by binding to primed template RNA. For the WT, the occluded conformation was favored; for H273R, the competent conformation was favored. The resonance for Met-187 in our NMR spectra reported on the ability of the enzyme to check the correctness of the bound nucleotide. Kinetic experiments were consistent with the conformational dynamics contributing to the established pre-incorporation conformational change and fidelity checkpoint. For H273R, residues comprising the active site spent more time in the catalytically competent conformation and were more positively correlated than the WT. We propose that by linking the equilibrium between the binding-occluded and binding-competent conformations of the nucleotide-binding pocket and other active-site dynamics to the correctness of the bound nucleotide, faithful nucleotide incorporation is achieved. These studies underscore the need to apply multiple biophysical and biochemical approaches to the elucidation of the physical basis for polymerase fidelity.The physical basis for polymerase fidelity remains unclear. Molecular dynamics simulations, NMR, and pre-steady-state kinetics of a mutator polymerase reveal conformational states of the active site that serve as fidelity checkpoints. Protein dynamics, largely concealed by x-ray crystallography, govern incorporation fidelity." @default.
• W2049206538 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2049206538 date "2014-12-01" @default.
• W2049206538 modified "2023-09-28" @default.
• W2049206538 title "Structural Dynamics as a Contributor to Error-prone Replication by an RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase" @default.
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• W2049206538 doi "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m114.616193" @default.
• W2049206538 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4276885" @default.
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• W2049206538 hasPublicationYear "2014" @default.
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