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- W2049725105 abstract "Cellulose is considered to be one of the most abundant biopolymers on earth. Although the chemical composition of cellulose, β-1,4 linked linear glucose polymer (glucan), is relatively simple compared to other plant cell wall polysaccharides, the physical structure of cellulose is complex. It is generally believed that the β-1,4-glucans are synthesized by 36-unit synthase rosettes, each of which forms a 36-chain cellulose elementary fibril (CEF). Our preliminary results based on nanoscale imaging of samples from living maize cell walls suggest that several CEFs may then coalesce to a bundle, termed a macrofibril, which eventually splits at the end to form parallel microfibrils with concurrent deposition of other cell wall components (i.e. hemicellulose and pectin) secreted from Golgi apparatus. Cellulose microfibrils may twist during dehydration process of natural senescence. High resolution surface measurements suggest that native plant cellulose is a well-organized bundle of β-1,4-glucans. Celluloses can be crystalline, para-crystalline, and even amorphous, depending on their tissue source in native plants, or the way that cellulose is isolated. The structural integrity of cellulose is believed to be one of the major causes of resistance to chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis. Imaging of chemically pretreated corn stover has revealed that enzyme digestibility is positively correlated to the degree of disorder of plant cell wall microfibrils. The ordered nature of the cell wall microfibril probably represents the last and most crucial biological barrier to enzyme hydrolysis. Chemical pretreatment may cause both disordering of native cellulose structure and increased surface accessibility; different pretreatment approaches may be effective in bringing out either of these two changes, or both. Our current work is also focused on investigating the specific interaction between individual enzymes and biomass substrates using single molecule spectroscopy." @default.
- W2049725105 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2049725105 date "2010-01-01" @default.
- W2049725105 modified "2023-09-30" @default.
- W2049725105 title "Biophysics in Cellulose Biosynthesis and Biodegradation" @default.
- W2049725105 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2009.12.1129" @default.
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