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• W2049901507 abstract "Abstract Digital acoustic emission (AE) waveform recordings have been analyzed using standard seismic source theory. Four different topics are treated: (1) A method for estimating a relative value for the acoustic source energy is presented. Using this method, an empiric relation between energy, amplitude and source-receiver distance is found, and b-values derived from the energy distribution are presented. It also is shown that the b-value can be found from waveform duration data. (2) It is shown that the AE source emits both P- and S-waves as predicted by seismic source theory. (3) The frequency-dependent attenuation in rocks dominate the frequency spectra of the waveforms. Thus, the frequency content is a function of source-receiver distance, making it possible to infer something about the source location of events too weak to be recorded by more than one sensor. From this, it is shown that a major portion of the AEs originate from low-energy sources located very close to a sensor. (4) It is argued that it is difficult to distinguish between different source mechanisms only by looking at waveforms. This is because AE sources are too small to be resolved by the wavelength of the AE signal, and a consequence of the typical magnitude-frequency distribution of seismic sources. The analysis methods have been developed for and applied to intermediate-quality, uncalibrated AE data from rock mechanics experiments. The methods presented should be applicable to other materials than rock, but such applications are not discussed. Keywords: acoustic emissionwaveform analysisAE energyAE source mechanismrock mechanics This work is a part of a doctoral study supported by SINTEF Petroleum Research, Statoil's scholarship programme VISTA and Shell International Exploration and Production. Notes Citation 1 The transient response of the sensor must be sufficient because transducer ringing affects the energy estimate. 2A stationary signal is a signal whose mean, standard deviation, and autocorrelation function does not change with time. 3The far field is where the source-receiver distance r is large enough for the 1=r terms in the wave field solution to dominate the terms proportional to 1=r2 and 1=r3 that also appear in the solution. 4Note that this result applies to pure shear sources where the source volume does not change. This is a reasonable assumption about earthquake sources, but the assumption may not apply to porous, granular materials such as sedimentary rock. The other extreme, pure volumetric sources without any shear component (e.g., nuclear explosions) will not emit shear waves." @default.
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• W2049901507 date "2004-07-01" @default.
• W2049901507 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W2049901507 title "ANALYSIS OF ACOUSTIC EMISSION WAVEFORMS IN ROCK" @default.
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• W2049901507 doi "https://doi.org/10.1080/09349840490480792" @default.
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