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• W2050534921 abstract "Background:Fluoroquinolones are often used interchangeably in dogs and cats. Hypothesis:Predicted therapeutic efficacy differs among fluoroquinolones. Animals:Bacterial pathogens isolated from dogs and cats. Methods:Using microtube-dilution procedures, percent resistance and 2 pharmacodynamic/pharmacokinetic indices (maximum concentration/minimum inhibitory concentration [Cmax/MIC] [target 0.10] and area under curve/minimum inhibitory concentration [AUC/MIC] [target 0.125]) were compared prospectively at low and high doses (mg/kg) for ciprofloxacin (5 and 20), difloxacin (5 and 10), enrofloxacin (including enrofloxacin+ciprofloxacin) (5 and 20), marbofloxacin (2.5 and 5), and orbifloxacin (2.5 and 7.5). Indices were calculated for organisms represented by 15 isolates. Results:Percent resistance for all Gram-negative (n = 180; 20 ± 3%; 39 ± 5% for Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive isolates (n = 66; 18 ± 3%) did not differ among drugs or organisms. The pattern of Cmax/MIC was generally enrofloxacin+ciprofloxacin ≥ enrofloxacin or ciprofloxacin ≥ marbofloxacin ≥ orbifloxacin ≥ difloxacin; and for AVICI MIC, enrofloxacin+ciprofloxacin ≥ marbofloxacin ≥ ciprofloxacin ≥ enrofloxacin > difloxacin > orbifloxacin. Among susceptible Gram-negative isolates studied (n = 117), targeted Cmax/MIC or AUC/MIC were achieved in 88% of E. coli, 53% of Proteus mirabilis, and 35% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa; and for susceptible Gram-positive isolates studied (n = 49), 53% of Streptotoccus spp. and Staphylococcus intermedius and 27% of Staphylococcus spp. At the high dose, the proportion of isolates for which a target was reached was: ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin+ciprofloaxin, and marbofloxacin (77%), enrofloxacin (73%), orbifloxacin (51%), and difloxacin (40%); and at the low dose, enrofloxacin+ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin (43%), ciprofloxacin (40%), marbofloxacin (39%), orbifloxacin (29%), and difloxacin (28%). Conclusions: E. coli resistance to fluoroquinolones approximated 40%. For susceptible isolates, enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin more consistently reached indices associated with predicted efficacy, but only at the high dose." @default.
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• W2050534921 date "2006-11-01" @default.
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• W2050534921 title "Comparison of Pharmacodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Indices of Efficacy for 5 Fluoroquinolones toward Pathogens of Dogs and Cats" @default.
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• W2050534921 doi "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2006.tb00742.x" @default.
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