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- W2050837992 abstract "The purposes were (a) to determine if mentally retarded persons are deficient in automatic processing, (b) to test the Hasher and Zacks (1984) intelligence-invariance criterion for automaticity, and (c) to assess the effects of the nature of the stimulus on automatic processing. Mentally retarded and nonretarded persons estimated frequency of occurrence of words, stick pictures, photographs and semantically encoded photographs in a study-test paradigm. They saw a study list of one type of item presented on slides at a 3-s or 5-s rate under instructions to remember the items for free recall. In the test phase, they recalled items and then estimated frequencies (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4). The were differences between the groups in free recall, and pictorial items were recalled better than words. The accuracy of frequency estimates was higher for pictorial items than for words. Frequency estimates of the retarded and nonretarded were equal for words, but the nonretarded were superior to the retarded in accuracy on pictorial items. The results were discussed in terms of the Hasher and Zacks position and the more recent theorizing of Greene (1986) and Begg, Maxwell, Mitterer, and Harris (1986)." @default.
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- W2050837992 date "1988-01-01" @default.
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- W2050837992 title "Memory for frequency of occurrence in retarded and nonretarded persons" @default.
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- W2050837992 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-2896(88)90023-2" @default.
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