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- W2051227659 abstract "Background: Meningococcal disease is characterized by a marked variation in incidence and serogroup distribution by region and over time. In several European countries, Canada and Australia, immunization programs, including universal vaccination of infants or toddlers, with catch-up campaigns in children and adolescents, aimed at controlling disease caused by meningococcal serogroup C, have been successful in reducing disease incidence through direct and indirect protection. More recently, meningococcal conjugate vaccines targeting disease caused by serogroups A, C, W135 and Y have been licensed and are being used in adolescent programs in the USA and Canada. Also, a mass immunization campaign against serogroup A disease has been implemented in Africa. Methods: We gathered published information about meningococcal epidemiology and vaccination policy as well as deducing vaccination policy decisions from an observation of how meningococcal vaccines are used in different situations. Results: The policy options available for control of meningococcal infection are: routine age-specific recommendations; routine infant strategy plus catch-up (eg UK, Spain, Iceland, Portugal); routine toddler strategy plus catch-up (eg Australia, The Netherlands, Belgium, France, most of Canada); adolescent-only strategy (USA and Manitoba). Outbreak control policies have been used with success in the African meningitis belt countries, New Zealand, Norway and Normandy. Policies to prevent travel-associated disease (eg Hajj and Amrah) have also been adopted in various parts of the world. The prevailing serogroup epidemiology determines the use of monovalent versus multivalent vaccines and decisions on the schedule can be affected by the potential for herd protection. Conclusion: Enhanced surveillance including the use of sensitive molecular techniques and capture/recapture, along with the availability of existing and new meningococcal vaccines, for example against serogroup B, allow for both improved policy decisions and more impactful reductions in the global burden of meningococcal infection." @default.
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- W2051227659 date "2012-06-01" @default.
- W2051227659 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W2051227659 title "Epidemiology and prevention of meningococcal disease: a critical appraisal of vaccine policies" @default.
- W2051227659 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.1004" @default.
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