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• W2051268677 abstract "Comparative physiological studies on four strains of Leishmania braziliensis, isolated in pure culture from cutaneous cases of human leishmaniasis, are presented. Shorter lag phases in the growth curves were obtained for strains 0-CR and 6-CR as compared with 3-CR and 2-CR. Nitrogen content of 0-CR was higher than that of the other strains and respiratory activity for 0-CR and 6-CR was also higher. Respiratory quotients and glucose consumption per cell were higher for 0-CR, which showed greater ability to utilize some carbohydrates, nitrogen compounds, and Krebs cycle intermediates. All strains were sensitive, in different degrees, to several metabolic inhibitors while iodoacetate exerted the most marked action. The physiological findings are correlated and discussed in relation to infectivity of the strains. The oldest strain (0-CR), kept in culture for several years, presented the strongest virulence for hamsters. Strains 3-CR and 2-CR, with the lowest metabolic activities, were unable to infect hamsters or showed an extremely low virulence for them. Strain 6-CR, the newest isolate, showed characteristics in between the above strains. Physiological and biochemical observations on species of Leishmania can be found in the literature of the past 40 years. The older studies concerned themselves with the production of acids from media containing sugars (Colas-Belcour and Lwoff, 1925; Kligler, 1926; Noguchi, 1926) and with the production of ammonia by old cultures (Salle and Schmidt, 1928). Other authors have made observations on the relationship between motility of the flagellates and presence of different carbohydrates (Dubois, 1936) and on the respiration of the culture or parasitic forms of the organisms under different circumstances (Adler and Ashbel, 1940; Chang, 1948; Fulton and Joyner, 1949; von Brand and Agosin, 1955; Medina et al., 1955; Chatterjee and Ghosh, 1959). Recently, von Brand (1966) has critically reviewed some of the research on the physiology and biochemistry of Leishmania. In this paper, comparative observations on the respiratory metabolism of four Costa Rican strains of L. braziliensis and its relation to infectivity are presented. A previous note on the comparison of two of the strains has been published (Zeledon and Monge, 1966). Received for publication 24 May 1967. * This work was supported by USPHS Research Grant AI-03304-05, NIAID. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Costa Rican strains 0-CR, 2-CR, 3-CR, and 6-CR, were used in the experiments. The 0-CR strain was isolated by Dr. Alfonso Trejos at the San Juan de Dios Hospital in 1957 and has been kept in culture since then. The other three strains were isolated in pure culture by the authors, from cutaneous lesions of patients in the same hospital. The 2-CR strain was isolated in November 1960, 3-CR in July 1961, and 6-CR in April 1965. The cultures have been kept since isolation in Tobie and Rees' (1948) modification of Senekjie's medium by transferring them every 3 or 4 weeks. In order to determine growth curves the organisms were cultured in Roux bottles in the modified Senekjie medium with 10% rabbit blood taken from at least three animals and incubated at 26.5 C. In all cases, one bottle in the exponential phase of growth served as inoculum and the numbers of organisms inoculated into each batch of flasks were kept within the same limits for all four strains. The organisms of two bottles were counted with a hemocytometer and data from three to seven experiments were combined. For manometric studies, flagellates were harvested at the exponential phase of growth (days 4 to 6 for strains 0-CR and 6-CR; days 8 to 10 for strain 3-CR; days 6 to 8 for strain 2-CR) and was treated as previously described (Zeledon, 1960a, b, c, d). All substrates, in a final concentration of 0.01 M, were added at the beginning of the experiment; the final pH was 7.2. In the case of the Krebs intermediates the final pH was 5.0 since preliminary studies showed strains 0-CR, 6-CR, and 3-CR used these intermediates better at this pH. The experiments were carried out at 30 C for a period of 2 hr with interval readings at 15 to 30 min. The nitrogen content per War-" @default.
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• W2051268677 date "1967-10-01" @default.
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• W2051268677 title "Physiological Studies on the Culture Form of Four Strains of Leishmania braziliensis. I. Nitrogen Content, Substrate Utilization, and Effect of Metabolic Inhibitors on Respiration and Its Relation to Infectivity" @default.
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• W2051268677 doi "https://doi.org/10.2307/3276813" @default.
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