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- W2051319157 abstract "Zinc is a major residue impurity in the preparation of solar-grade silicon material by the zinc vapor reduction of silicon tetrachloride. This paper projects that in order to get a 17-percent AM1 cell efficiency for the Block IV module of the Low-Cost Solar Array Project, <sup xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink>1</sup> the concentration of the zinc recombination centers in the base region of silicon solar cells must be less than 4 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink>11</sup> Zn/cm <sup xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink>3</sup> in the p-base n+/p/p+ cell and 7 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink>11</sup> Zn/cm <sup xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink>3</sup> in the n-Base p+/n/n+ cell for a base dopant impurity concentration of 5 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink>14</sup> atoms/cm <sup xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink>3</sup> . If the base dopant impurity concentration is increased by a factor of 10 to 5 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink>15</sup> atoms/cm <sup xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink>3</sup> , then the maximum allowable zinc concentration is increased by a factor of about two for a 17-percent AM1 efficiency. The thermal equilibrium electron and hole recombination and generation rates at the double-acceptor zinc centers are obtained from previous high-field measurements as well as new measurements at zero field described in this paper. These rates are used in the exact dc-circuit model to compute the projections." @default.
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- W2051319157 date "1981-03-01" @default.
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- W2051319157 title "Effect of zinc impurity on silicon solar-cell efficiency" @default.
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- W2051319157 doi "https://doi.org/10.1109/t-ed.1981.20333" @default.
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