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- W2051549480 abstract "Hydraulic fracturing at the Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Project in Cornwall stimulated extensive cracking in the Carnenellis granite. The acoustic emissions were monitored by a surface network of three-component seismometers which recorded acoustic events with double-couple mechanisms indicating the release of significant shear stress. Three-component shear wavetrains display splitting diagnostic of crack-induced anisotropy. Equal-area projections of the shear-wave polarizations display patterns characteristic of propagation through parallel vertical liquid-filled microcracks, where the orientations of the leading shear-wave arrivals are parallel to the strike of the vertical cracks. This strike is confirmed by the elongated distribution of the acoustic events, and indicates the stress direction at the depth of the fractures. This direction is approximately parallel to one of the sets of joints at the surface and si 20° away from the axis of compression measured about 10km northwest of the HDR site. The consistency of the shear-wave polarizations before and after water injection indicates that the intact granite rock mass to 2 km depth has anistropic symmetries which are uncharged by the hydraulic fracturing. This demonstrates the presence of stress-aligned liquid-filled microcracks (extensive-dilatancy anistropy, EDA) in the granite as in most rocks in the cool brittle upper 10–20 km of the crust. There are two main applications demonstrated by this case study. (1) The orientation of hydraulic features can be predicted from the polarizations of shear waves before water injection. The most direct way to do this would be to record shear vibrators in three-component vertical seismic profiles, as suggested by Crampin [1] (2) The correlation between shear wave polarizations, the existence and orientation of EDA microcracks, stress orientations, and preferred directions of flow demonstrates that three-component shear wavetrains contain important information about the internal geometry of cracked reservoir rock. Again, the most direct way to access this information would be to record shear vibrators in three-component VSPs." @default.
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- W2051549480 date "1986-08-01" @default.
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- W2051549480 title "Shear-wave polarizations in a hot dry rock geothermal reservoir: Anisotropic effects of fractures" @default.
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- W2051549480 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(86)90641-8" @default.
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