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• W2052510671 abstract "The generation reserves play the central role for maintaining generation and consumption balance in the power system. In advance scheduled reserves compensate for forecast error, variability and transmission losses. However, reserves are costly commodity and their amount should be carefully assessed to prevent unnecessary expenses. Currently, the reserve requirements assessment techniques are mainly based on power system operator's experience and established assumptions, and do not reflect the actual properties of the power system. In this paper a formal mathematical framework for the assessments of the reserve requirements is presented. I. INTRODUCTION Power balance is one of the key requirements for the reliable power system operations. To that end, system oper- ators schedule appropriate amount of generation to meet the real-time demand. However, forecast error, load variability and transmission losses impose practical limitations on the scheduling process. Normally, this challenge is overcome with scheduling of additional generation capacity called load following reserves. Methods for determining the appropriate quantity of this type of reserves is still an open research question. This paper uses classification of reserves as it is defined in (1), (2). The existing industrial practice and academic literature revolves around a similar theme. As discussed in (3), the quantity of reserves is determined a posteriori on the basis of historical experience of power system operation. The standard deviation of potential imbalances, s , is determined from the forecast error or the net load variability. Then, the load fol- lowing reserves are defined to cover the appropriate confidence interval in compliance with the North American Electric Re- liability Corporation (NERC) balancing requirements: NERC defines the minimum score for Control Performance Standard 2 (CPS2) equal to 90% (4). Under the assumption of normal distribution, 2s confidence interval is chosen (3), (5). Other studies have used a 3s confidence interval (6), (7) to comply with the industry standard of 95% (8). These industrial and academic works essentially make the following assumptions in their calculations of load following reserves for the next relevant period of time." @default.
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• W2052510671 date "2014-06-01" @default.
• W2052510671 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2052510671 title "An enhanced method for the determination of load following reserves" @default.
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• W2052510671 doi "https://doi.org/10.1109/acc.2014.6859254" @default.
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