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• W2052970341 abstract "Abstract Stylolites and associated pressure dissolution phenomena are common features of most carbonate phenomena are common features of most carbonate reservoirs but their effects on reduction of porosity and permeability are variable. In chalky porosity and permeability are variable. In chalky limestones such as the Thamama Group of Abu Dhabi stylolites may cause a reduction in permeability sufficient to create a barrier to fluid movement. Most stylolites result from dissolution of carbonate as a result of overburden pressure. Dissolution occurs along pre-existing surfaces within the rock and in particular along bedding planes. The presence of even small amounts (less than 1%Rv) of clay presence of even small amounts (less than 1%Rv) of clay material in the rock encourages stylolite development. Thus in a sequence of uniform, laterally persistent lithofacies such as occur in the Thamama II and IIIa zones, stylolites may be similarly distributed and form field-wide vertical permeability barriers. In view of the relationship permeability barriers. In view of the relationship between stylolites and depositional lithofacies, prediction of their distribution may be made by core prediction of their distribution may be made by core and log study and depositional modelling. In an Offshore Abu Dhabi field, an attempt has been made to predict vertical permeability through stylolite zones in uncored wells. Comparison of the stylolite intensity index, calculated from FDC/CNL logs following the method of Johnson and Budd (1), with measurements from whole core and plug analyses showed that a statistically valid relationship exists between these two parameters. Separate relationships have been established for stylolites above and below the oil/water contact as values in the water zone tend to be further reduced by continued cementation. The establishment of these relationships has enabled the prediction of vertical permeabilities through stylolite zones in uncored permeabilities through stylolite zones in uncored wells. Vertical permeabilities of less than 1md equate to a stylolite intensity index of 50, and in the subject field such zones are likely to severely limit fluid movement. Such geological analysis can thus provide a useful model for aiding reservoir simulation and field development. Introduction Stylolites and associated pressure dissolution phenomena are common features of most limestone phenomena are common features of most limestone sequences that are or have been buried at depth. However, the frequency, shape and effects on permeability of such features varies permeability of such features varies considerably. This paper attempts to explain the controls on distribution of stylolites in chalky limestones with particular reference to the Lower Cretaceous Thamama Group, in offshore Abu Dhabi and following the work of Johnson and Budd (1) in the Asab Field, shows how the effects of such features on vertical permeability can be predicted in uncored wells. predicted in uncored wells. STYLOLITE FORMATION Stylolites are undulose surfaces, often but not always, highly irregular on a scale of centimetres, along which dissolution of calcium carbonate occurs as a direct result of stress exerted by the weight of overburden or by tectonic activity. In the large majority of Abu Dhabi reservoir limestones, only features attributable to overburden stresses are observed. The dissolved calcium carbonate migrates away from the areas of stress and is re-precipitated in pores adjacent to the stylolite. In addition insoluble materials within the limestone (quartz, clays, bituminous residues), are concentrated along the stylolite surface. The result is a surface of variable but often extensive lateral persistence which Is flanked by zones of persistence which Is flanked by zones of increased cementation and which may contain layers of clays and other minerals which impede vertical permeability. By no means all stylolites are important from this point of view and in many cases the effects on permeability are not significant. However, in certain cases the surfaces may stratify a reservoir and severely inhibit vertical fluid movement. CONTROLS ON STYLOLITE DISTRIBUTION IN CHALKY LITHOLOGIES Various types of stylolite have been recognised (Park and Schot, (2), Wanless, (3)) and it is not intended to elaborate on these various types in this paper. P. 165" @default.
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• W2052970341 date "1985-03-11" @default.
• W2052970341 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2052970341 title "Formation, Distribution, and Prediction of Stylolites as Permeability Barriers in the Thamama Group, Abu Dhabi" @default.
• W2052970341 doi "https://doi.org/10.2118/13698-ms" @default.
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