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• W2053002456 abstract "Reviewed by: To Conquer Hell: The Meuse-Argonne, 1918 Timothy K. Nenninger To Conquer Hell: The Meuse-Argonne, 1918. By Edward G. Lengel. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 2008. ISBN-13: 978-0-8050-7931-9. Glossy photographs. Maps. Notes. Selected bibliography. Index. Pp. 491. $32.50. This is a well-produced book published by a high quality commercial publishing firm—glossy photographs; detailed maps that show both troop movements and topographical features; notes and an extensive bibliography; and a dust jacket that features blurbs from four well-known historians, John Keegan, Martin Gilbert, Thomas Fleming, and Alex Kershaw. Their collective praise for the book is effusive—a superior achievement, deeply researched, fills an inexplicable gap, and authoritative. In the preface, the author, an associate professor of history at the University of Virginia whose previous work includes General George Washington: A Military Life, states that his purpose was to unwrap the mystery of the Doughboys by describing who they were, what they believed in, what they experienced, and how war changed them (p. 5). His focus is entirely on the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) from September to November 1918 in the Meuse-Argonne, because he claims that within twenty years of the Armistice hardly anyone could name, much less describe, America's greatest battle in the late war (p. 4). Lengel acknowledges the principal previous attempts to come to grips with the Meuse-Argonne. In 1919 the war correspondent Frederick Palmer wrote Our Greatest Battle, an overly positive account, but with some real insights into command and staff relations and how they shaped the outcome. Paul Braim's The Test of Battle: The American Expeditionary Forces in the Meuse-Argonne Campaign, published 1987, is considerably more critical and analytical with a focus on the tactical and operational, but with its own problems in terms of depth of research and breadth of coverage. Most recently (2007) Robert Ferrell has given us America's Deadliest Battle: Meuse-Argonne, 1918, a more than adequate analysis of the concept, planning, and execution of the battle, again generally with emphasis on tactics and operations at the division level and above. But in addition, large portions of works by Edward M. Coffman, James J. Cooke, Mark Grotelueschen, Allan R. Millett, Donald Smythe, and David F. Trask, to mention only a few of the AEF's historians, deal at length, analytically, and critically with the Meuse-Argonne. So the story has been told before, but Lengel's approach is different. He states forthrightly that this is not a full-scale operational history, (p. 459) which would require at least months of research in official AEF records at the National Archives; consequently he cites only a handful of sources from Record Group 120. For reliable accounts of basic unit tactical dispositions, Lengel relies on twenty-five of the American Battle Monuments Commission divisional Summary of Operations in the World War. He has concentrated his research in first-person accounts, published and unpublished. The questionnaires, diaries, memoirs, letters, at the U.S. Army Military History Institute and the collections of the Veterans History Project at [End Page 670] the Library of Congress in particular, as well as published small unit histories, have been plumbed to document the experiences of common soldiers (p. 459). The result is a book of twenty-five chapters, most detailing a single day or a few days in the course of the battle. The narrative is a dense, detailed account of individual combat. From the launching of the AEF's Meuse-Argonne attack on September 26, 1918, to the November 11 Armistice, Lengel recounts a succession of soldiers' stories. But these are almost entirely battle stories of individuals, such as Alvin York (described by Lengel as my cousin [dedication page]), or small groups, such as the Lost Battalion. Most of the stories are not so well known as these. Although each chapter has an overarching framework that puts the action into a somewhat broader tactical context, the effect gets increasingly repetitious; attacking a machine gun nest on Montfaucon in late September was not that different from attacking a machine gun nest on the heights of the Meuse in early November. The message from the..." @default.
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• W2053002456 title "<i>To Conquer Hell: The Meuse-Argonne, 1918</i> (review)" @default.
• W2053002456 doi "https://doi.org/10.1353/jmh.0.0239" @default.
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