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• W2053887336 abstract "Abstract: Hyperglycemia commonly coexists with lung infection and inflammation and these conditions interact to worsen patient outcomes. In patients with acute respiratory infection, neuroendocrine changes and inflammation increase peripheral insulin resistance and hepatic glucose production, causing acute hyperglycemia. Acute hyperglycemia is associated with increased risk of death or prolonged hospital stay in patients with exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or pneumonia. Tight control of blood glucose with insulin improves outcomes for patients with critical illness and requires investigation as a treatment strategy for patients with acute respiratory illness outside the intensive care setting. Patients with chronic lung inflammation and infection (COPD and cystic fibrosis) are at increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus. Mechanisms underlying this predisposition in COPD patients include chronic inflammation, which impairs insulin receptor function, and corticosteroid treatment. In cystic fibrosis, the predominant pathology causing diabetes is insulin deficiency due to pancreatic disease. Patients with chronic lung disease and diabetes have increased mortality and accelerated lung function decline compared with those without diabetes. Chronic hyperglycemia may exacerbate chronic lung disease by increasing predisposition to lung infection, by up-regulating inflammation or by causing structural lung damage. Nonpharmacological therapies, including pulmonary rehabilitation and prevention of obesity, both improve outcomes from chronic lung disease and improve glucose tolerance. The possibility of preventing type II diabetes by treating chronic lung inflammation or of slowing pulmonary decline by prevention and treatment of diabetes requires further investigation in randomized controlled trials." @default.
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• W2053887336 date "2009-09-01" @default.
• W2053887336 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W2053887336 title "Hyperglycemia, Lung Infection, and Inflammation" @default.
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• W2053887336 doi "https://doi.org/10.1097/cpm.0b013e3181b5d1df" @default.
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