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- W2053973993 abstract "Abstract Existence of essential immunocompetence at different levels of complexity has recently been demostrated among diverse phylums of invertebrates. Immunorecognition or capacity for non-self recognition of allogeneic tissue followed by incompatibility reactions is already found in Coelenterates as shown in colonial hydroids, gorgonians, and hard corals. Antagonistic reactions reveal convincing specificity, with compatible fusion preceding manifestations of incompatibility, but no memory component has been demonstrated. Allogeneic contact incompatibilities found in protochordates as well as mixed lymphocyte culture reactions between allogeneic cells of various vertebrates may tentatively be assigned to this “sipmle” immunorecognition category. Primordial Cell-Mediated Immunity (PCMI) represents a higher level of immunoevolution revealed by specific allograft reactions with at least short-term memory as found in Annelids and Echinoderms. PCMI is inherent in populations of leukocytes and definitely has an immune memory component. Integrated Cell-Mediated and Humoral Antibody Immunity may be regarded as the highest level of immunoevolution characteristic of all vertebrates from primitive fishes to mammals. Vertebrate-type immunoglobulin antibodies have yet to be demonstrated in any invertebrate species, although cell-surface receptors akin to antibodies are apparent on leukocytes of advanced invertebrates. The less elaborate immunoresponsiveness evident among invertebrates awaits definitive characterization." @default.
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- W2053973993 date "1974-02-01" @default.
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- W2053973993 title "Phylogeny of immune responsiveness in invertebrates" @default.
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- W2053973993 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-3205(74)90395-6" @default.
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