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- W2054482017 abstract "Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major causative agent of hospital infections. Studies on this subject being rare in Algeria, we determined the antibiotic susceptibility of P. aeruginosa and investigated the mechanisms of β-lactam resistance and the spread of multidrug resistant strains in the university affiliated Hospital of Tlemcen (Algeria).One hundred and ninety-nine consecutive strains of P. aeruginosa were collected between November 2005 and February 2007. MICs of antibiotics were measured by the agar dilution method. The resistance mechanisms to β-lactams were identified phenotypically or by molecular methods (isoelectrofocusing, PCR and sequencing). Strains expressing a secondary β-lactamase were serotyped and genotyped (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA).The proportion of susceptible isolates were: ticarcillin (56%), piperacillin–tazobactam (81%), ceftazidime (88%), cefepime (80%), aztreonam (64%), imipenem (65%), amikacin (83%), tobramycin (81%) and ciprofloxacin (97%) according to the French CASFM breakpoints. Resistance to β-lactams was linked to the production of transferable β-lactamases (16%), overproduction of cephalosporinase AmpC (12%) and/or non-enzymatic mechanisms such as the loss of porin OprD (35%) and overproduction of the active efflux system MexAB-OprM (24%). High level resistance to ticarcillin was due to the expression of β- lactamase OXA-10 alone or associated with TEM-110. A genotypic analysis revealed the spread of a multidrug resistant epidemic clone expressing these two acquired β-lactamases in the surgical ICU.This study shows that resistance to antibiotics, in particular to imipenem of P. aeruginosa, is becoming a cause of concern in the Hospital of Tlemcen.Pseudomonas aeruginosa est un pathogène nosocomial oportuniste majeur. En raison du manque de donnée sur ce sujet en Algérie, nous avons déterminé la sensibilité aux antibiotiques de P. aeruginosa dans l’hôpital universitaire de Tlemcen (Algérie), identifié les mécanismes de résistance aux β-lactamines et documenté la diffusion des souches multirésistantes.Cent quatre-vingt-dix-neuf isolats consécutifs de P. aeruginosa ont été collectés entre novembre 2005 et février 2007. Les CMI des antibiotiques ont été mesurées par la méthode de dilution en agar. Les mécanismes de résistance aux β-lactamines ont été identifiés phénotypiquement ou par des techniques de biologie moléculaire (isoélectrofocalisation, PCR, séquençage). Les isolats exprimant une β-lactamase secondaire ont été sérotypés et génotypés (random amplified polymorphic DNA).Les proportions d’isolats sensibles étaient : ticarcilline (56 %), pipéracilline-tazobactam (81 %), ceftazidime (88 %), céfépime (80 %), aztréonam (64 %), imipénème (65 %), amikacine (83 %), tobramycine (81 %) and ciprofloxacine (97 %) selon les critères définis par le CASFM. La résistance aux β-lactamines était associée à la production de β-lactamases secondaires (16 %), à la surproduction de la céphalosporinase chromosomique AmpC (12 %) et/ou à des mécanismes non enzymatiques – sous-expression de la porine OprD (35 %), surproduction du système d’efflux MexAB-OprM (24 %). La résistance de haut niveau à la ticarcilline était due à l’expression de la β-lactamase OXA-10 en association ou non avec TEM-110. L’analyse génotypique a révélé la dissémination d’un clone multirésistant dans le service de réanimation chirurgicale.Nos résultats montrent que la résistance aux antibiotiques, et en particulier à l’imipénème de P. aeruginosa, est préoccupante dans l’hôpital de Tlemcen." @default.
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- W2054482017 date "2007-03-01" @default.
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- W2054482017 title "P882 Biological cost of resistance to fosfomycin in Escherichia coli isolates" @default.
- W2054482017 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0924-8579(07)70723-9" @default.
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