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• W2054578462 abstract "Overall, an increasing trend has been reported in the prevalence of asthma in recent decades; however, large variations in the prevalence of childhood and adult asthma have been reported. Prevalences are generally higher in affluent countries than in poorer countries. Numerous hypotheses have been proposed to explain these trends. These theories most often relate to socioeconomic status, family size, early-childhood infections and hygiene, allergen exposure, diet and obesity, perinatal risk factors, and environmental pollution. Asthma is a complex syndrome rather than a single entity. Different phenotypes with varying prognosis and determinants have been described, particularly those that occur during the childhood years [1]. Transient early wheezing is characterized by the occurrence of wheezing symptoms in infants up to age 2 to 3 years, after which the symptoms disappear. The main predictor of these wheezing illnesses is premorbid, reduced lung function [2,3]. These impairments in pulmonary function in part are determined by passive smoke exposure in utero [4] and result in symptoms of airway obstruction in infants who are infected with respiratory viruses. Atopy and a family history do not influence the incidence and natural course of this wheezing phenotype. In contrast, wheeze among school-aged children most often is associated with atopic sensitization, airway hyperresponsiveness, and a familial predisposition for asthma [1]. The severity of symptoms and degree of atopic sensitization and airway responsiveness determine the prognosis of this wheezing phenotype [5]. It seems likely that a third wheezing phenotype exists among preschool children that mostly is related to viral infections [6]. These children have a better prognosis than atopic wheezers, and their symptoms often disappear around school age. Most epidemiologic studies have been cross-sectional surveys and do not enable examination the different wheezing phenotypes. Only prospective studies" @default.
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• W2054578462 date "2002-11-01" @default.
• W2054578462 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W2054578462 title "Worldwide asthma epidemic" @default.
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• W2054578462 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0889-8561(02)00015-2" @default.
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