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- W2056531231 abstract "Orthodontists, like others (Engel, P. A. (1976) Impact Wear of Materials. Elsevier Scientific, New York.), often equate the smoothness of surfaces with the absence of friction. To investigate whether the surface roughnesses of opposing materials influence the coefficients of friction and ultimately the movement of teeth, arch wires were slid between contact flats to simulate orthodontic arch wire-bracket appliances. From laser specular reflectance measurements, the RMS surface roughnesses of these arch wires varied from 0.04 μm for stainless steel to 0.23 μm for nickel titanium. Using the same technique, the roughnesses of the contact flats varied from 0.03 μm for the 1 μm lapped stainless steel, to 0.26 μm for the as-received alumina. After each of the arch wire-contact flat couples was placed in a friction tester, fifteen normal forces were systematically applied at 34°C. From plots of the static and kinetic frictional forces vs the normal forces, dry coefficients of friction were obtained that were greater than those reported in the dental literature. The allstainless steel couples had lower kinetic coefficients (0.120–0.148) than the stainless steel-polycrystalline alumina couple (0.187). When pressed against the various flats, the beta-titanium arch wire (RMS = 0.14 μm) had the highest coefficients of friction (0.445–0.658), although the nickel titanium arch wire was the roughest (RMS = 0.23 μm). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) verified that mass transfer of the beta-titanium arch wire occurred by adhesion onto the stainless steel flats or by abrasion from the sharply faceted polycrystalline alumina flats." @default.
- W2056531231 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2056531231 date "1990-01-01" @default.
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- W2056531231 title "Effects of surface roughness on the coefficients of friction in model orthodontic systems" @default.
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- W2056531231 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9290(90)90356-8" @default.
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