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• W2056578549 abstract "ABSTRACT The molecular basis of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) resistance lies in a combination of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in two genes coding for Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase ( Pfdhfr ) and P. falciparum dihydropteroate synthase ( Pfdhps ), targeted by pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine, respectively. The continued use of SP for intermittent preventive treatment in pregnant women in many African countries, despite SP's discontinuation as a first-line antimalarial treatment option due to high levels of drug resistance, may further increase the prevalence of SP-resistant parasites and/or lead to the selection of new mutations. An antimalarial drug resistance surveillance study was conducted in western Kenya between 2010 and 2013. A total of 203 clinical samples from children with uncomplicated malaria were genotyped for SNPs associated with SP resistance. The prevalence of the triple-mutant Pfdhfr C 50 I 51 R 59 N 108 I 164 genotype and the double-mutant Pfdhps S 436 G 437 E 540 A 581 A 613 genotype was high. Two triple-mutant Pfdhps genotypes, S 436 G 437 E 540 G 581 A 613 and H 436 G 437 E 540 A 581 A 613 , were found, with the latter thus far being uniquely found in western Kenya. The prevalence of the S 436 G 437 E 540 G 581 A 613 genotype was low. However, a steady increase in the prevalence of the Pfdhps triple-mutant H 436 G 437 E 540 A 581 A 613 genotype has been observed since its appearance in early 2000. Isolates with these genotypes shared substantial microsatellite haplotypes with the most common double-mutant allele, suggesting that this triple-mutant allele may have evolved locally. Overall, these findings show that the prevalence of the H 436 G 437 E 540 A 581 A 613 triple mutant may be increasing in this population and could compromise the efficacy of SP for intermittent preventive treatment in pregnant women if it increases the resistance threshold further." @default.
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• W2056578549 date "2015-07-01" @default.
• W2056578549 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2056578549 title "Increasing Prevalence of a Novel Triple-Mutant Dihydropteroate Synthase Genotype in Plasmodium falciparum in Western Kenya" @default.
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• W2056578549 doi "https://doi.org/10.1128/aac.04961-14" @default.
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