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• W2057393945 abstract "Realistic estimates of percutaneous absorption following exposures to solvents in the workplace, or through contaminated soil and water, are critical to understanding human health risks. A method was developed to determine dermal uptake of solvents under non-steady-state conditions using real-time breath analysis in rats, monkeys, and humans. The exhaled breath was analyzed using an ion-trap mass spectrometer, which can quantitate chemicals in the exhaled breath stream in the 1–5 ppb range. The resulting data were evaluated using physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models to estimate dermal permeability constants (Kp) under various exposure conditions. The effects of exposure matrix (soil versus water), occlusion versus non-occlusion, and species differences on the absorption of methyl chloroform, trichloroethylene, and benzene were compared. Exposure concentrations were analyzed before and at O.5-hour intervals throughout the exposures. The percentage of each chemical absorbed and the corresponding Kp were estimated by optimization of the PBPK model to the medium concentration and the exhaled-breath data. The method was found to be sufficiendy sensitive for animal and human dermal studies at low exposure concentrations over small body surface areas, for short periods, using non-steady-state exposure conditions." @default.
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• W2057393945 date "2000-04-01" @default.
• W2057393945 modified "2023-10-02" @default.
• W2057393945 title "A Real-Time In-vivo Method for Studying the Percutaneous Absorption of Volatile Chemicals" @default.
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• W2057393945 doi "https://doi.org/10.1179/oeh.2000.6.2.96" @default.
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