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- W2057694564 abstract "A common view of generics is that they express universal quantification over normal individuals. I argue against this approach, and provide evidence that the quantification is neither universal nor over normal individuals.Regarding universality, generics fail standard tests for universal quantification. As an alternative, I propose that generics express measures of high probability. I formalize this notion using a modal extension of first order probability logic, and demonstrate how this system can account for embedded generics and inference with generics.As for normality, I contrast it with another notion, that of uniformity : generics are evaluated with respect to worlds whose future resembles their past. Using standard substitution intensionality tests, I demonstrate that generics are evaluated with respect to uniform, rather than normal worlds.The end result is that a generic such as Birds fly does not mean “All normal birds fly” ; rather, it means that the probability for a randomly chosen bird to fly is high, and this tendency is expected to continue." @default.
- W2057694564 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2057694564 date "2012-09-01" @default.
- W2057694564 modified "2023-10-05" @default.
- W2057694564 title "Generics as Modals" @default.
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- W2057694564 doi "https://doi.org/10.4000/rlv.2068" @default.
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