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• W2057861640 abstract "This paper reports on measurements of net CO2 and H2O exchange from single- and multiple-species microcosms composed of California annual grassland species grown at either ambient or elevated (ambient+36 Pa) CO2. Microcosms consisted of grassland species grown in PVC tubes (∼0.95 m deep×0.2 m diameter) containing ∼45 kg of either serpentine or sandstone derived soil or parent material in open-top enclosures under ambient meteorological conditions. Half of the microcosms were left unfertilized (low nutrient) while the other half received an intermediate level of a slow-release (N,P,K) fertilizer (high nutrient). Gas exchange was performed by sealing individual microcosms within a transparent chamber (on clear sunny days) and coupling this to an open gas-exchange system. In fertilized single-species microcosms, elevated CO2 consistently enhanced net `ecosystem' CO2 exchange (NCE) on a ground area basis in both early and late spring. Among unfertilized single-species microcosms, no significant trends or differences were observed in NCE between those grown at ambient versus elevated CO2. The NCE in sandstone and serpentine multiple-species microcosms was monitored seasonally over a majority of the 1993–1994 growing season. Rates were largely unaffected by growth CO2 or fertilization until after mid-February, 1994. Water-use efficiency (WUE=NCE/evapotranspiration (ET)) was generally enhanced by elevated CO2, but this was primarily a result of enhancements in NCE as opposed to decreases in ET. Enhancements in NCE by elevated CO2 in fertilized single-species microcosms at the growth-CO2 concentration were partially explained by higher above-ground biomass in elevated CO2 microcosms. However, ecosystem-level `acclimation' occurred such that microcosms grown at elevated CO2 consistently had lower NCE than ambient CO2 treatments at a single measurement CO2 concentration (ambient or elevated). The reduction in apparent ecosystem-level photosynthetic capacity in elevated CO2 microcosms was accompanied by decreases in foliar Rubisco activity, such that NCE measured at ambient CO2 was highly correlated (r=0.98) with foliar Rubisco activity across the three single-species microcosms in which it was measured." @default.
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• W2057861640 date "1998-10-01" @default.
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• W2057861640 title "Influence of fertilization and atmospheric CO2 enrichment on ecosystem CO2 and H2O exchanges in single- and multiple-species grassland microcosms" @default.
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• W2057861640 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0098-8472(98)00033-1" @default.
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