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• W2058451639 abstract "A glândula tiroideia é particularmente sensível aos efeitos da exposição a radiação e a disfunção tiroideia constitui uma consequência frequente e muitas vezes subestimada. As sequelas da irradiação tiroideia direta incluem: hipotiroidismo, tiroidite, doença de Graves, adenomas, bócio multinodular e carcinoma. O hipotiroidismo primário constitui a manifestação mais frequente dos efeitos da radiação sobre a tiroide. A sua irradiação determina um efeito carcinogénico importante nas crianças e aparentemente limitado nos adultos. Embora não seja consensual, muitos estudos verificaram que o risco de hipotiroidismo aumenta proporcionalmente à dose administrada, enquanto o risco de desenvolver uma neoplasia maligna é máximo com doses relativamente baixas, declinando a partir de doses mais elevadas. Atendendo ao longo período entre a RT e o aparecimento de lesões neoplásicas malignas, torna-se fundamental um follow-up a longo prazo dos sobreviventes de cancro na infância. Doentes submetidos a RT cervical por qualquer causa devem manter vigilância prolongada, uma vez que as consequências funcionais da RT cervical sobre a tiroide também se podem manifestar tardiamente. Uma vez que os doentes irradiados apresentam um risco elevado de desenvolver complicações subsequentes, deverá ser definido um plano de vigilância específico das mesmas e a instituição atempada de terapêutica, caso se justifique. The thyroid gland is particularly sensitive to the effects of exposure to radiation and thyroid dysfunction is a frequent consequence that is often underestimated. The direct effects of thyroid irradiation include: hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, Graves’ disease, adenomas, multinodular goiter and carcinoma. Primary hypothyroidism is the most common manifestation of radiation effects on thyroid gland. Thyroid's irradiation presents a significant carcinogenic effect in children but in adults it is apparently limited. Although not consensual, many studies found that the risk of hypothyroidism increases with higher doses of radiation, while the risk of developing a malignant tumor is considerable at relatively low doses, declining with very high doses. Given the long period between RT and the onset of malignant neoplastic lesions, it is essential to provide long-term follow-up for the survivors of childhood cancer. Other patients should also maintain extended surveillance because of late functional consequences of cervical RT. Since patients undergoing thyroid irradiation are at high risk of developing subsequent complications, a specific follow-up plan should be defined and therapy should be promptly provided, if appropriate." @default.
• W2058451639 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2058451639 date "2013-07-01" @default.
• W2058451639 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W2058451639 title "Doença da tiróide secundária a radioterapia" @default.
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• W2058451639 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rpedm.2013.06.004" @default.
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