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- W2058591066 abstract "L’asthme du sujet âgé constitue une préoccupation grandissante. Il touche de 6 à 7 % des patients de cette tranche d’âge mais la distinction entre asthme vrai et bronchopneumopathie chronique obstructive est d’autant plus difficile que les patients vieillissent. Plusieurs facteurs expliquent ces difficultés : le rôle confondant du tabagisme, mais aussi le vieillissement naturel des voies aériennes. Cliniquement on peut opposer schématiquement deux groupes : les asthmes « vieillis » qui représentent l’évolution naturelle d’un asthme de l’enfance ou de l’adolescence et l’asthme tardif apparaissant de novo souvent à la suite d’un épisode infectieux mal contrôlé ; parmi les singularités propres à l’asthme du sujet âgé, méritent d’être envisagées : la mauvaise perception de la dyspnée, les difficultés de réalisation d’explorations fonctionnelles respiratoires de qualité et l’importance des signes indirects extrarespiratoires (qualité de vie). Le schéma thérapeutique chez le sujet âgé est à optimiser : quoique globalement superposable à celui du sujet jeune, quelques nuances doivent être prises en compte chez le sujet âgé : crainte de l’ostéoporose en cas de corticothérapie au long cours, y compris pour les corticoïdes inhalés, risque arythmogène potentiel des bêta-2-adrénergiques, effets redoutés de la théophylline ce qui justifie dans les formes difficiles le recours aux anticholinergiques et/ou aux antileucotriènes. L’impératif premier dans l’asthme du sujet âgé est la simplification du schéma thérapeutique, la rédaction d’un plan d’action écrit qui seules permettent d’espérer l’amélioration de l’observance. Asthma in the elderly is a growing clinical problem. It affects 6 to 7% of this age-group, but making the distinction between asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is more difficult as patients get older. This difficulty is due to a number of factors: the confounding role of smoking, and also the physiological effects of ageing on the airways which renders airway obstruction more resistant to bronchodilation. Elderly asthmatics can be divided on clinical grounds into two arbitrary groups: “ageing asthmatics” who have had asthma since childhood or adolescence and “late-onset asthmatics” who may present following an infective episode. Certain features of asthma in the elderly include: poor perception of breathlessness, technical difficulties in making reliable pulmonary function measurements and the extra-pulmonary manifestations (impact on quality of life). The therapeutic strategy is much the same as for younger asthmatics but certain aspects take on greater importance: concerns about osteoporosis with long-term corticosteroid therapy (both oral and inhaled), the risk of arrhythmias with beta-2 adrenergic drugs and the significant side-effects of theophylline justifies, in difficult cases, consideration of anti-cholinergic and/or anti-leukotriene therapy. Most importantly, for elderly asthmatics it is a treatment regimen that is as simple as possible and is backed up by a written self-management plan that will improve outcomes." @default.
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- W2058591066 title "L’asthme du sujet âgé" @default.
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